Is there a contradiction between not leaving homework and improving grades? The Fifth Primary School of Shenyang Railway has given an almost perfect answer with 34 years’ practice.

　　When many parents are anxious to accompany their children to do homework after class, the three principals of this primary school insist on not leaving written homework for 34 years, and carry out the experiment of happy education reform, so that students can effectively integrate into learning under the guidance of interest and reduce the burden and improve the quality under the concept of happy education.

　　Ask for quality in a 40-minute class

　　"Only teachers who don’t understand, no children who can’t learn. There are so many knowledge points that there is no need to leave homework and practice repeatedly. " Zhang Xiujin, the old headmaster, said.

　　Railway five primary schools do not leave written homework, which originated in 1984. At that time, the students had a heavy burden, so Zhang Xiujin, then the principal, decided to reduce the burden in the whole school and started a pilot class first. The method is simple: be effective in the classroom, increase the interaction between teachers and students, and mobilize the enthusiasm of students. After half a year, the results of the pilot class are significantly higher than those of other classes. Since then, no homework has been left in the whole school from grade one to grade six.

　　"Efficient classroom" is a high-frequency word mentioned by teachers in the interview. "The sea tactics is a misunderstanding. Teachers should concentrate the most essential knowledge points in the classroom so that students can draw inferences from one another." Yu Ying, the current principal, said that teachers should ensure that all the knowledge learned by students in every class, every day and every stage can be absorbed and digested in the classroom. This is called the "three cleanups" system.

　　In order to realize the "Three Clearances", in Railway No.5 Primary School, teachers spend a lot of energy on preparing lessons and teaching exchanges to ensure the high quality of teaching. After Yu Miao, a fifth-grade teacher, came to Railway No.5 Primary School, all school leaders attended the class collectively, giving her suggestions and guiding the improvement of classroom teaching. In 2017, she won the title of senior Chinese subject in the "Evaluation of Good Classroom Teaching in Heping District".

　　In order to improve students’ ability to study efficiently, the school offers a 15-minute mini-training course every afternoon. From writing and memorizing in a limited time in junior grades to arranging and communicating mind maps in senior grades, students’ abilities of memorizing, listening and summarizing are greatly improved, and their thinking quality is greatly improved.

　　In the past 34 years, the tradition of not leaving written homework has been preserved. For Yu Ying, the current principal, the pressure to insist on not leaving homework has only increased over the years: although the junior high school has been cancelled, the pressure to enter a higher school has moved forward, parents have higher expectations for their children, and the difficulty of various exams has also been continuously improved. Can the trick of not leaving homework still be used?

　　"As long as the educational concept is correct and you have the determination to stick to it, ‘ Independent and efficient ’ If the classroom teaching is realized, there is no need for homework. " Yu Ying, who has been a teacher for 26 years since she joined the work, explored the educational idea that "students are the future", and made the school’s educational strategy and action plan with cultivating students’ core literacy and providing appropriate education for children as the core concept.

　　Today, there are 67 classes and more than 3,100 students in three campuses of Railway Five Primary Schools, and all of them still insist on leaving no written homework.

　　What do students do after school?

　　There is no written homework after class. What do students do when they go home? And the school doesn’t care at all

　　After school, Shi Diance, a fifth and second grader of the railway, did not go home directly, but once again devoted himself to his favorite ice hockey training ground. He has been practicing ice hockey for nearly a year, and he has performed brilliantly in the Liaoning Ice Hockey League. After two hours of training, he turned on the TV at home first, not to watch cartoons, but to watch the news on the hour. Before going to bed, he watched the extracurricular book Magic School Bus recommended by the head teacher for a while.

　　In Railway No.5 Primary School, there is no unified written homework, but every child will arrange his life after school according to his own interests and specialties: reading novels, doing handicrafts, practicing calligraphy, and dancing street dance … …

　　According to reports, in order to enrich students’ extracurricular activities, Railway Five Primary Schools recommend "books with words" and "books without words". "Books with characters" are traditional books. By recommending books regularly, offering one-hour reading class every week, reading exchange once a month and reading festival once a semester, students’ ability and quality of lifelong reading are cultivated. "Wordless book" is news, which guides students to read newspapers, listen to the radio and pay attention to online news every day, and carries out students’ independent "broadcast", "comment" and "debate" news every morning.

　　The school has set up 20 compulsory courses such as intelligent robot, Orff music and digital art, and more than 60 elective clubs such as science and technology, art, fitness, reading club and English club to help children locate themselves and find their own interests. At the same time, further enrich students’ life at school and after class, and prevent them from drowning in the sea of books and mountains.

　　Happy education makes students enjoy it endlessly.

　　"Everyday Dad", a fourth-grade parent of the fifth grade of the railway, said in the opening message to all parents of freshmen in 2016: "The school is characterized by not leaving homework, reading and broadcasting news. With these characteristics, children’s knowledge and learning efficiency will become unusual."

　　Li Jiaxi, a fourth-grade student, had an average academic record, and sometimes she showed hyperactivity, inattention and low learning efficiency in class. Since joining the school maker space club for one year, he has become a core member of the study group and a small star of science and technology. The innovative works he led the team members to study together — — "Portable One-stop Mobile Phone Companion" has been shortlisted for the 2018 Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Competition.

　　Wang Hongliang, a graduate of the school in 2013, is now studying in Liaoning Experimental Middle School. In 2016, he was ranked third in the city with a score of 744 (out of 760) in the senior high school entrance examination. He benefited a lot from his study experience in Railway No.5 Primary School.

　　"High school is very stressful and hard. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I always think of the experience of primary school. A large number of books read at that time are still fresh in my memory until now; Watching the news broadcast every morning makes me develop the habit of paying attention to current affairs and politics, which is of great help to the study of politics and other subjects. " Wang Hongliang said, "What impressed me the most was the robot community, which cultivated my hands-on, innovation, spatial thinking and other abilities. Sometimes I don’t need to draw pictures to solve solid geometry problems, so I can see the form built by Lego in primary schools … … The education of Tiewu contains too many things that are useful for growth. It was only when I was in junior high school and high school that I slowly revealed it and let me enjoy it endlessly. "

　　Along the way, doubts and doubts were heard in not fade away. However, the five primary schools of the Railway did not change their minds, persisted in exploring new measures for running a happy education, and constantly introduced new curriculum systems such as micro-courses, science and technology courses, research and practice courses, and handed over beautiful transcripts: the quality monitoring of students’ subjects ranked among the best in the whole region, and the achievements in Chinese and English subjects ranked third and fourth among 55 primary schools in the experimental area of the city. In recent five years, they won hundreds of honors in science, technology, art and sports at or above the provincial level.

　　President Yu Ying said: "As basic educators, we will continue to inherit and carry forward the ideological essence of pleasant education, actively explore new fields under the conditions of information technology reform, start with students’ learning ability and study habits, and focus on students’ infinite possibilities in the future to improve the quality of life in childhood." (Reporter Wang Ying)

　　Cctv newsAccording to the news of "Heilongjiang Government Affairs" WeChat WeChat official account, according to the forecast of Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory, there was a rainfall process from west to east in Heilongjiang Province on August 7, with short-term heavy rainfall in the central and eastern regions, strong locality and uneven rainfall distribution, and the maximum hourly rainfall intensity could reach 40 ~ 60 mm. The accumulated rainfall in southern Yichun, eastern Suihua and Harbin is 50-70 mm, 80-100 mm in some areas and 100-120 mm in some towns. The eastern part of Heihe River, the western part of Suihua, Hegang, Jiamusi, Shuangyashan, Qitaihe, Jixi and the northern part of Mudanjiang are 30-50 mm, and the local area is 60-80 mm. The area with heavy rainfall overlaps with the precipitation area on the 4th-5th day, showing strong convective weather characteristics, with strong short-term rain, and the maximum gust in some areas is 9-11.

　　According to the above situation, according to the Emergency Plan for Meteorological Disasters in Heilongjiang Province (Heizhengban Regulation [2020] No.30), the emergency response level standard for major meteorological disasters such as rainstorm and gale, the emergency headquarters of meteorological disasters in Heilongjiang Province is determined byAt 8: 00 on August 7th, Class IV emergency response to major meteorological disasters (rainstorm and gale) was started., please provincial meteorological disasters in emergency headquarters member units and the relevant city (prefecture) government (administrative office) in accordance with the requirements of the Heilongjiang Province Meteorological Disaster Emergency Plan "(Heizhengban rules [2020] No.30), do a good job in the relevant emergency response work.

In 1986, the liberation of CA141 was born, which set off a frenzy in the market and ended the passive situation of the 30-year-old liberation. It took six years for CA141 to be designed and put into production, and its "birth" was very bumpy.

In 1953, Tian Qizhu graduated from Jinan Shandong Institute of Technology, majoring in automobile, and was assigned to with 35 classmates. He started from the design department and was soon transferred to the professional team leader of the transmission group in the assembly laboratory. In 1980, Li Gang, the fourth director of FAW, appointed him as the chief designer of CA141.

The transformation of CA141 is hailed as the second venture of FAW, and the transformation cycle is as long as 6 years, including 3 years of finalization and 3 years of production preparation. Tian Qizhu wrote "Ten Suggestions on CA141 Design Scheme" to FAW’s leading group, and it was adopted. Tian Qizhu personally witnessed the 6-year history of CA141 from modification to production, and participated in the whole difficult and tortuous process.

"Jiefang trucks have been changed for a long time. After the introduction and production of the first generation of Jiefang trucks in 1956, the design department began to make new cars under the guidance of Soviet experts. At that time, it was mainly for training. After all, Jiefang trucks had just been put into production and it was impossible to change new cars." Tian Qizhu said that the old liberation car was called CA10, so they made CA11. There are two schemes for CA11: 11A and 11B, and finally 11A is selected.

FAW has also made other models, including the universal car, the internal code CA80, imitation, instead of agricultural tractors, and later only produced a prototype. In addition, the CA150 truck has been built to replace the Jiefang car and adopt a reversible flat-headed cab. After the prototype came out, it was not put into production because the technical strength of trial production was not enough. Then we made CA140. At that time, we carried out four rounds of design work: test, improvement, retest and improvement. FAW was ready to put into production, and spent 1.8 million yuan to purchase automatic equipment and build a cylinder head production line. Later, due to some reasons, it was forced to stop.

Jiefang CA140

"There is another reason for stopping CA140. At that time, the state did not require FAW to change its model. Because the second automobile has not yet been put into production, what the country needs most is cars, not new cars. FAW only needs to produce more cars. " As a result, CA140 was used to support the Second Automobile Company, which made some improvements to CA140, which became the famous EQ140.

"FAW wants to change the CA141, and I hope you will be the chief designer." One day in the summer of 1980, the superior leader found Tian Qizhu and arranged it like this. At that time, FAW had no such position as chief designer, and the chief designer was equivalent to the chief designer.

In July, 1980, FAW decided on "the development task of CA141 5-ton truck, the replacement product of Jiefang brand truck". The principles put forward in the design task book are: further tapping potential and improving on the basis of old products; Assemblies and parts shall not be changed or changed as little as possible on the premise of meeting the performance requirements; Fully consider the possibility of transition and the inheritance of existing production technology; Make full use of existing equipment and tooling; Each performance catches up with and exceeds Dongfeng EQ140.

In May 1981, all the trial-production drawings of CA141 were issued, and the first prototype car was made in early October, and six prototype cars were made before the end of the year. After the prototype car comes out, it immediately starts comprehensive test work, including 420-hour road simulation strengthening test, bench torsion fatigue test and 10,000-kilometer strengthening road test.

"If the country has test standards, we will implement them according to national standards. If the country has not yet unified norms, we will do it according to our own norms. " Tian Qizhu said that in that era, many things were started from scratch.

In the first half of 1982, CA141 completed 28 major tests, including vehicle performance test, 20,000 km reliability test, frame rigidity and stress measurement, leaf spring performance and fatigue life test.

On June 29-30, 1982, FAW conducted the second factory appraisal, and it was decided at the meeting that the assembly and parts tooling that had already started the production preparation design work could be put into production.

On September 23, 1983, the state authorized China Automobile Corporation to hold a national technical review meeting for identification and finalization, and CA141 passed the national appraisal. On October 8 of the same year, China Automobile Corporation officially approved the finalization.

After the CA141 was finalized, a batch of CA141 prototype cars were trial-produced and sent to transportation companies in 6 test sites in China: Wulanhaote, Inner Mongolia, Xiangfan, Hubei, Urumqi, Yunnan Baoshan, Haikou, Hainan, Lanzhou, Gansu, etc. for use test. In addition, an evaluation test was conducted for CA141 for the first time, and more than 400 tests were conducted on two CA141s sent to Hino for evaluation test.

"It was done for nearly 4 months before and after the evaluation test. In some projects, Hino Automobile also compares with us with its own car. Their car is a diesel engine, while ours is a gasoline engine, and the noise is small. Their car is a flat-headed car, ours is a long-headed car, and CA141 looks better. In addition, the performance of CA141 is also good for individual projects such as braking. "

Tian Qizhu said that Hino Auto people also like CA141 very much, and they suggested that the two sides cooperate to install their diesel engines in liberated cars and export them to third countries such as the Philippines. However, because the engine is too expensive, the cost accounts for almost half of the whole vehicle, and the project was not negotiated later.

In January 1987, CA141 was officially put into production, which ended the passive situation of the 30-year-old system of Jiefang Automobile.

Because of its good appearance and power, the domestic orders were in short supply, and in 1987, it produced more than 60,000 vehicles. In 1988, it also exported CA141 to North Korea, the United States, Bolivia and Thailand. In the same year, CA141 was also well received at the 21st Cairo International Automobile Expo attended by 28 countries. (The interview materials are from Bunning Studio,)

　　On April 28th, with the release of the GDP data of Jilin Province in the first quarter by Jilin Provincial Bureau of Statistics, 30 provinces have published the local economic performance in the first quarter.

　　According to the GDP data, the gross domestic product (GDP) of China in the first quarter of 2022 was 270.178 billion yuan, up 4.8% year-on-year and 1.3% quarter-on-quarter compared with the fourth quarter of 2021. In the first quarter of this year, the only provinces with an economic aggregate exceeding 2 trillion yuan were Guangdong and Jiangsu, which were 2,849.879 billion yuan and 2,785.9 billion yuan respectively, with Guangdong increasing by 3.3% and Jiangsu by 4.6%. The gap between the two economies has narrowed from about 120 billion yuan in the same period last year to 63.9 billion yuan.

　　Data of GDP and per capita disposable income of each province in the first quarter of 2022

　　Source of data: Local statistical offices and National Bureau of Statistics: The Paper.

　　Shandong, with the third largest economic aggregate in China, had a GDP of 1,992.68 billion yuan in the first quarter, up 5.2% year-on-year, only 7.3 billion yuan away from 2 trillion yuan.

　　In the first quarter of 2022, there were 11 provinces with GDP exceeding one trillion, including Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Henan, Sichuan, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui and Shanghai, three more than those in the first quarter of last year, namely Hubei (1,080.466 billion yuan), Anhui (1,034.77 billion yuan) and Shanghai (100.07 billion yuan).

　　Data of economic situation of provinces in the first quarter of 2022 Source: Mapping by local statistical bureaus: The Paper.

　　In terms of GDP growth rate, the growth rates of Xinjiang (7%), Jiangxi (6.9%), Fujian (6.7%), Hubei (6.7%), Guizhou (6.6%), Shanxi (6.5%), Hunan (6%) and Hainan (6%) are over or equal to 6%. There are 22 provinces whose growth rate exceeds the national level (4.8%), including Inner Mongolia (5.8%), Heilongjiang (5.4%), Sichuan (5.3%), Yunnan (5.3%), Gansu (5.3%), Shandong (5.2%) and Anhui (5.2%). Beijing’s GDP in the first quarter increased by 4.8% year-on-year, which was the same as the "national line".

　　Judging from the per capita disposable income of residents, in the first quarter, the per capita disposable income of residents nationwide was 10,345 yuan, a nominal increase of 6.3% over the previous year, and a real increase of 5.1% after deducting the price factor. Compared with the "national line" of 10345 yuan, the per capita disposable income of residents in Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Tianjin, Guangdong, Fujian and Shandong has outperformed the national level.

　　The per capita disposable income of residents in Shanghai and Beijing in the first quarter was above 20,000 yuan. Shanghai topped the list with 22,663 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.2%. Among them, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 23,772 yuan, an increase of 5.0%; The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 12,891 yuan, an increase of 7.4%.

　　After Beijing followed Shanghai, the per capita disposable income in the first quarter exceeded 20,000 yuan, ranking second. According to the data released by Beijing Bureau of Statistics, the per capita disposable income of residents in the city in the first quarter was 20,630 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.3%. Among them, wage income increased by 6.6%, net operating income increased by 0.4%, net property income increased by 0.6% and net transfer income increased by 5.2%.

　　Per capita disposable income of residents in each province in the first quarter of 2022 Source: National Bureau of Statistics Cartography: The Paper

　　Ranked third in the income list is Zhejiang, whose per capita disposable income in the first quarter reached 19,366 yuan, only one step away from the 20,000 yuan mark. Although Chongqing has not exceeded the "national line", it has passed the 10,000 yuan mark, which is 10,240 yuan.

　　Judging from the growth rate of per capita disposable income of residents, the growth rate of Hubei and Guizhou is outstanding, exceeding 7%, and that of Fujian, Anhui and Sichuan is about 7%. In addition, the growth rates of Jiangxi, Hunan, Chongqing, Hebei, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces outperform the whole country, exceeding 6.3%.

　　(This article is from The Paper, please download the "The Paper" APP for more original information)

　　Editor in charge: Zheng Jingxin

　　Proofreading: Liu Wei

　　The Paper reported: The Paper, 4009-20-4009, and may not be reproduced without authorization.

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