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CCTV News:The Ministry of Ecology and Environment held a regular press conference today (June 29). According to the relevant person in charge, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other four departments recently jointly issued the Scoring Rules for Water Ecological Assessment Indicators in the Yangtze River Basin (Trial) to carry out the pilot work of water ecological assessment in the Yangtze River Basin.

The assessment of water ecology in the Yangtze River basin focuses on the health of water ecosystem and the restoration of biodiversity, and coordinates the management of water resources, water environment and water ecology. Fifty water bodies have been identified in the main stream, main tributaries and key lakes and reservoirs of the Yangtze River, and water ecological monitoring and evaluation have been carried out by regions and classifications. The Scoring Rules are classified and evaluated according to rivers, lakes and reservoirs. According to the comprehensive evaluation score, the comprehensive evaluation of water ecology is divided into three grades: excellent, good and general. 2022— In 2024, pilot water ecological assessment will be carried out in 17 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in the Yangtze River Basin to determine the assessment base, and the first assessment will be carried out in 2025.

New progress has been made in the investigation and rectification of sewage outlets entering the river into the sea

At the regular press conference of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the relevant person in charge also introduced that up to now, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has solidly promoted the investigation and rectification of sewage outlets entering the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Bohai Sea, effectively promoting the "clear water defense war" to achieve phased results.

Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has comprehensively carried out the investigation and supervision of the investigation and rectification of the sewage outlets of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, organized the on-site investigation of the Shanxi section, Weihe River and Shichuan River of the main stream of the Yellow River, and guided Henan and Shandong to independently complete the manual foot investigation, initially approving more than 27,000 sewage outlets of the main stream and some important branches of the Yellow River.

Up to now, more than 47,000 sewage outlets into the Yangtze River have been rectified, with a completion rate of over 80%, exceeding the work target in 2023 ahead of schedule; The improvement progress of sewage outlets in pilot areas such as Gansu section of the Yellow River, Huangshui River and Fenhe River has exceeded 60%, and the overall completion progress in the middle and upper reaches is close to 50%; The completion rate of sewage outfall remediation in Bohai Sea reached 84.29%.

There is a "hard-core linkage" at the SAIC test site. Jia Jianxu, president of SAIC, and Huawei Yu Chengdong took a test drive in the same car. The fact that two heavyweights gather in a car itself shows the status of this car: it is not a small role, but is played as an "explosion candidate".

Space and chassis: to be a "true three-seater"

After Yu Chengdong’s test drive, the first sentence was "value for money", and he gestured the rear legroom on the spot, with more than two fists. What is revealed behind this is the product idea-it must satisfy the family to really sit comfortably. Unlike many compact SUVs, which regard the third row as a "children’s emergency seat", Shangjie H5 is practical. SAIC has accumulated a lot in chassis adjustment. If we can balance the ride comfort and the sense of control, then the "300,000 feelings" of this car is not a slogan, but a practical experience.

Standard for smart driving: don’t play "routines"

The most attractive thing for me this time is that Huawei ADS 4.0 is standard in the whole system. Nowadays, many smart cars on the market are "graded fees". For example, Tesla has to subscribe to the optional equipment. However, H5 directly put all employees on the full blood version, avoiding consumers’ repeated struggle about "whether to add money". From the perspective of competition, this is actually reducing the decision-making cost of users, and at the same time, it has really brought Zhijia into the mainstream consumer groups.

Endurance and recharge: laboratory data or reality?

The pure electric version is 655 kilometers, the extended range version is 1300 kilometers, and the 800V fast charge is 10 minutes to replenish 300 kilometers. These data are very eye-catching in the press release. But data is one thing, and actual experience is the key. I have driven an 800V platform car before, and charging in the high-speed service area is really fast. The effort to buy coffee can increase by more than 100 kilometers, but only if the piles can keep up. If H5 really realizes "worry-free recharge", it depends on its compatibility with the social charging network. Otherwise, no matter how beautiful the numbers are, the landing experience will be discounted.

Channel expansion: a signal worthy of attention

At present, more than 1,500 dealers have joined, and even stores that originally sold Porsche and Volvo have switched. This actually shows the dealer’s judgment: they are willing to invest money to bet, indicating that they are optimistic about the sales prospects. For consumers, this means that the future after-sales service and maintenance outlets will not be sparse, which is more realistic than simply "whether the car is good or not."

Price rumor: Do you really want to break through 200,000?

The starting price from the Internet may be 149,800. If this is true, it is equivalent to directly "knocking off the table" the 200,000-class SUV market. We must know that the intelligence and battery life of new energy SUVs at the same level will either shrink or increase money. If H5 really packs Huawei’s smart driving, long battery life and 800V fast charging, and then gives it this price, many families may not consider joint venture fuel when they buy new energy vehicles for the first time.

Pour some cold water: the explosion is not only dependent on parameters.

Of course, the market will not just look at the starting data. The challenge for new brands is stability and long-term experience. Can the intelligent driving system continue to be stable under complex road conditions? Can the battery and the three-electricity system withstand a few years of car use? These are the keys to decide whether it can become a "national car". I stepped on a similar pit myself, and was attracted by publicity when I bought a car. As a result, I actually found that Zhijia often fell off the chain in the city road. For consumers, it is peace of mind to spend 150 thousand on a car map, not to be a "white mouse" every day.

summary

The product strength of Shangjie H5 is obvious: spacious space, complete intelligent driving function, excellent endurance performance and rapid expansion of sales channels. If the starting price really starts from 149,800 yuan, then it is indeed eligible to become a "new competitor in the 200,000-class SUV market". However, whether it can become a "national explosion" depends on its performance in the actual use environment. My suggestion is: after the test cars are put in place, experience them first and then make a decision. Don’t be confused by the superficial figures.

■ Major Typical Reports of Pioneers in Educational Reform

Walk 10 kilometers northwest from the main city of Tongzhou District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, and cross the lush farmland from the country road, and you will see a high school-Xiting High School. On the taxi to the school, the driver told the reporter that the child should work a little harder to get into this school. "There is nothing wrong with the last one." This rural high school is simple and orderly, surrounded by villages, but it has a great reputation and good reputation in the local area.

In Nantong, every time the college entrance examination is over, the people will habitually wait for the good news. Like Xiting Middle School, 40 county high schools have supported the reputation of "Jiangsu for national education and Nantong for Jiangsu education" and the reputation of "the hometown of education" in Nantong.

Over the years, Nantong has always been committed to promoting the overall coordinated development of ordinary senior high schools in counties and urban areas, strengthening policy design, optimizing education governance, strengthening the responsibility of city and county governments to guarantee, optimizing the social environment for the development of counties, striving to run every county in the region well, promoting the development of high-quality characteristics, enabling counties and counties to have more than one good high school that people are satisfied with, and allowing students to enjoy high-quality high school education with high-quality characteristics locally, thus forming a good ecology of "each county has its own beauty, beauty and beauty".

Educators run schools and let professionals do professional things.

Haian Middle School, Qidong Middle School, rugao middle school, Haimen Middle School, Rudong Middle School … Nantong has a long list of national famous high schools, but there are not many so-called "online celebrity" principals flying all over the place.

What is the reason for it In 2022, Cheng Bin, director of Nantong Education Bureau, hit the nail on the head at the general high school education work conference: Nantong advocated educators to run schools, not social activists to run schools.

At present, there are 48 ordinary high schools in the city, including 40 county high schools, accounting for 83.33%, and most of them have been four-star high schools. The quality of running a four-star high school recognized by Jiangsu is very high. In the eyes of local people, so many good high schools mean that "children can have more opportunities to go to colleges and universities", but the principals of these high-quality high schools rarely show their faces in major forums across the country.

In Cheng Bin’s view, the key to the governance of county ordinary high schools lies in the principal, and "the principal should take the school as his home", "sit still", manage the team well, bring the team well and run the school well; We should "grasp accurately", focus on curriculum, focus on classroom and focus on curriculum reform; We should "rush ahead" and be the leader of teachers and students’ thoughts, personality and teaching in the whole school.

This idea of "educators running schools" is deeply rooted in Nantong, especially with the strong support of the municipal party Committee and the municipal government. At the administrative level, most county principals in Nantong are at the director level, at the same level as the county party secretary, and they are all "city management cadres" appointed by the organization department of the municipal party Committee.

However, in the selection of principals, Nantong has always selected comrades who are proficient in business, good at management and recognized by the masses as principals and secretaries.

This is inseparable from the profound understanding of education by local party committees and governments at all levels-professional people do professional things. Successive leaders of the municipal party committee and municipal government have said that Nantong is the hometown of education and has a fine tradition of respecting education. Zhang Jian’s concept of "father education and mother industry" has always been the source of strength for Nantong’s local development.

Reflected in the running of county high schools, party committees and governments at all levels are committed to running "real schools" and fully support "educators" to run schools well. According to statistics, the financial input of ordinary senior high schools in Nantong counties has been increasing continuously, with an annual increase of more than 15% in the past three years, and the average public budget for education has reached 35,333 yuan.

Every year, the secretary of Nantong Municipal Party Committee and the mayor will specially arrange time to have a discussion with the representatives of high school principals. He Yijun, secretary of Rugao Municipal Party Committee, visited the high school for many times to coordinate and support the development of the school and express condolences to teachers and students. The Baipu Town Government, where Baipu High School is located in this city, distributed 1.3 million yuan for the high-quality development award of education for the school. Hai ‘an Municipal Government has invested 33 million yuan to build a gymnasium and other facilities for Qutang Senior High School in the past three years. Mayor Tan Zhen made it clear to the principal: "The local government that spends money will solve it. You are the principal, go into battle lightly and pay attention to teaching! "

"In Nantong, leaders at all levels have reached a very high level of understanding of education, especially the governance of county-level ordinary high schools." Regarding this phenomenon, Zhu Quanzhong, deputy director of Nantong Education Bureau, said that party committees and governments at all levels have deeply realized that the governance of county high schools has unusual political significance, pointing to common prosperity and being closely linked with rural revitalization. On the other hand, the development source of county economy is in the countryside. "The collapse of rural education often means the decline of rural economy, and the schools in rural areas will be prosperous around them."

Strictly control students’ "entry and exit" and put an end to pinching enrollment.

When the principals of Nantong go out to communicate with the outside world, they will always reveal a detail that surprises the audience: since the 1980s, Nantong has insisted on enrolling students within counties, and it is forbidden to enroll students across regions, and it is forbidden to recruit students from high-quality high schools in urban areas to counties (cities, districts).

Territorial enrollment is Nantong’s first move to ensure the quality of county high schools. In Zhu Quanzhong’s view, "this policy is one of the cores of maintaining competitiveness in Nantong regional counties and the basis for Nantong to promote the development of ordinary high schools in counties".

Zhu Quanzhong introduced that in the compulsory education stage, Nantong schools strictly enrolled students by region, and were not allowed to select students from different regions, so as to "protect the seedlings" for the senior middle school. At the same time, the county middle school students were strictly "in and out of the customs", and abnormal transfer was strictly examined, and supervision was extended to the compulsory education stage, and the system guarantee of "territorial enrollment" was established.

Nantong is bordered by the Yellow Sea in the east and the Yangtze River in the south, and is invited by lights from Shanghai and Suzhou. It has a vibrant economy and frequent population movements in generate. However, the reporter found in the interview that the concept of balanced development for a long time has kept the students in all counties (cities, districts) and junior high schools and primary schools basically stable. Nantong people rarely have the habit of running from the countryside to the city when they go to school, and many township schools are just as lively.

Grasping the source of students, Nantong’s county-level ordinary high school governance also has the corresponding second measure-to protect the teaching staff. "Teachers are the’ first resource’ for sustained and high-quality development in the county." Zhu Quanzhong introduced that in the long-term educational exploration and practice, Nantong has strictly regulated the cross-regional flow of teachers to guide schools around the country to focus on their own team building, and a team of teachers with "upright style, good teaching and retention" has been formed in all counties.

In his view, the benefits are obvious: maintaining the educational ecology of the whole city and giving the most basic guarantee for the development of high schools in all counties, the management direction of the school can remain unchanged for a long time, from "grasping students and teachers" to focusing on education.

At the same time, at the municipal level, Nantong has also integrated resources and established a "turnover pool" with a total of 3,980 municipal teachers to realize the dynamic management of teacher allocation. In all counties (cities, districts), the ratio of students to teachers in general high schools is appropriately optimized, and some counties (districts) even reach 8: 1. Local party committees and governments take the initiative to innovate mechanisms and increase investment to attract outstanding talents to teach in counties. The Education Steering Committee of the municipal government dynamically monitors the allocation of teachers around the country, and sends them to all localities in the form of "notification" or "reminder letter" to promote mutual learning and adequate allocation of teachers in counties. The "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Tongzhou Education" issued by Tongzhou District in 2022 also clarified that four-star ordinary high schools can recruit outstanding teachers independently, and schools can directly interview and sign contracts according to regulations.

Managing students well and then standardizing the construction of excellent teachers have laid the foundation for the development of ordinary high schools in Nantong county and created a commendable educational phenomenon: there has never been a problem of "one school coming out and a group of schools falling down" in Nantong.

"There is no market in Nantong for the practice of smashing teachers and then smashing students." Cheng Bin said that when the quality of education and teaching in all schools has reached a high level, and the people no longer worry about choosing a school, good students and good teachers will naturally "relocate", and the school’s own development and the quality of students will be virtuous, thus achieving a real educational balance. "This is the root cause of the’ crowding phenomenon’ in Nantong county high schools."

Fine management, find a suitable development path for each high school.

Qutang Senior High School is located in Qutang Town, the westernmost part of Hai ‘an City. This 70-year-old school has trained many academicians and entrepreneurs. In the past 10 years, with the advancement of urbanization, the local population has become less and less, but none of the teachers in this rural high school have left their jobs, and the ranks of people are very stable.

"We have made a lot of achievements in running schools these years, and there is really no special trick. As a rural school, the most fundamental thing is to continue the school culture." Gu Qinghua, president of Qutang Senior High School, said that from the late 1980s to the present, the school has always emphasized service and tried every means to create good working conditions for teachers. "The overall style is unpretentious and down-to-earth, and the style of study, teaching style and school spirit are very positive."

Similar to Qutang High School, during the interview in Nantong, the reporter found that the campus governance of county high schools has obvious characteristics. "Low-key and pragmatic" fully condensed the connotation of high quality of Nantong county high schools: low-key management education, not following the trend, keeping normal, insisting on making simple things not simple and ordinary things extraordinary.

This kind of "low-key and pragmatic" contains the secret of Nantong high school’s high-quality development-refined management. Nantong educators once had a saying that shocked the whole country: sweeping the floor should also be the first in the country! This sentence comes from the late Yao Zhiping, the "civilian principal" of Bencha Middle School. Under his leadership, this remote rural high school has made brilliant achievements in running schools. This sentence is precisely the refined campus governance of Nantong county high schools. Its core essence is: to find a suitable development path for each high school and pay attention to the development of each student.

"Conventional management forms a plateau, and exquisite management forms a peak." Liu Yonghong, the headmaster of Baipu Middle School, told the reporter that there is no secret behind the school performance. The key lies in the implementation of daily management. The goal and pursuit of running a school must be consistently implemented in all levels of the class. "When a class only focuses on students’ learning, it will be finished. It is unscientific and irregular to repeat and squeeze in time. "

"The quality of teaching is managed." Cheng Bin said that the essence of school management lies in the effective integration of various resources such as education, teaching, scientific research, logistics, teachers and students and external factors, and the construction of a "five-in-one" whole-process management model. "County high schools in Nantong have been focusing on quality for survival and development for decades, and the level of refinement, science and institutionalization has been greatly improved.

In order to provide high-quality education for every student, all county high schools in Nantong implement hierarchical teaching according to students’ needs and class characteristics, and implement two-track system or three-track system when choosing classes to improve the pertinence of teaching. Schools set up special files for students, and hand over files step by step with the progress of students, so as to provide more suitable help to students. At the same time, the management mechanism of grade department has been established in all counties in Nantong, and the principals in charge are in charge of both grades and grades, realizing "line-surface integration and linkage" and improving management efficiency.

In Xiting Middle School in Tongzhou District, the school has arranged dormitories for all teachers. Half of the teachers live in the school all the year round. The school carefully arranges the "guidance and care worksheet", and the school-level leaders lead the team every day. From students entering the school in the morning to going to bed at night, every time period and every regional point is guarded by teachers.

"Fine management is also reflected in not demanding uniformity and not mentioning patterning. Different disciplines, different periods and different students have different strategies. Everything starts from reality. " Dong Yuhua, the principal of Hai ‘an Middle School, said that it is impossible to have long-term high quality by grasping teaching and talking about scores. In his view, "how high the peak is, how solid the foundation must be". The reason why the school is so evaluated by the society lies in that people in the sea have always adhered to professional common sense, the routine of education and the normality of life.

Xu Weijun is the vice president in charge of teaching in Matang Middle School in Rudong County, and he has been sinking directly into the grade group. He introduced that in the grade group, we should grasp three lines-the team of the class teacher, the team of the preparation team leader and the student team. "To what extent is the management fine? Every time we finish the exam, we have to deal with small points at the first time and then give feedback to each teacher. The class teacher should call the subject teachers to open an analysis meeting, and each student’s recent state and how to improve must be clear. "

Behind these meticulous practices, we are adhering to the concept of following the teaching law and the growth law of students. In Dong Yuhua’s words, running a school should be determined, management should not be tossed, teachers should have autonomy in teaching, and children should have a sense of happiness in reading. "We are convinced that any words and deeds that deviate from the law of education and the law of human development, even if we get more flowers and applause, are meaningless."

"To achieve high-quality development in the county, the optimization of external education ecology is the external cause, and the potential tapping of school internal management is the internal cause." Cheng Bin concluded that innovation and practice, fine management and iterative upgrading of management system in the process of promoting the high-quality development of schools in all counties have presented an institutional adaptation ecology of "flexibility and integrity".

China Education News, 1st edition, July 11th, 2023.　

1905 movie network news　Legendary director Christopher Nolan’s classic sci-fi brain-burning masterpiece landed in the national cinema on August 28th. The film released a preview of "Rebuilding the Old Dream", which took people into the amazing dream ten years ago again and followed the Pirates of Dreams to complete multiple dreams … … After ten years’ absence, the shock is still there, but now there are new reasons and expectations for revisiting Inception: Nolan’s new work will land on the big screen in China on September 4th, and the pre-sale has already started! First watch Inception’s hot brain, then go to Tenet’s time and space puzzle, buy a ticket in advance to lock in the C position, and get a double experience of burning brain relay!

　

Ten Years of Pirates of the Dream Meet the Cinema Unlock Memories

　

Inception made his debut on the screen in 2010, and the unique setting of "love love love" and the visual spectacle of bombing eyeballs were regarded as masterpieces by many fans for a time. In 2020, ten years later, people are still talking about the gyro in their dreams and analyzing the mystery of multiple dreams. In the ten years of Inception, the high-scoring masterpiece has always dominated the list: it has four Oscar awards, IMDb8.8, ranking 13th on the list, Douban 9.3, and TOP250 ranking 9th & HELLIP; … The award-winning scenery is infinite, and the word-of-mouth myth is almost perfect. In the past ten years, this cross-era classic masterpiece is always new and still shocking. The audience marveled at Nolan’s imaginative creation and lamented that no one can beat it in the past ten years. Now that Inception is back on the screen, the gyro has been dreaming for ten years. It’s time to go into the cinema to relive the classic and unlock the memories, and make the dream bigger together!

　

Brain-burning classic screen revisiting focus on details

　

For ten years, not only fans, fans, but also the main creators have been arguing about the details of the film. michael caine, one of the leading actors in Inception, once publicly stated that the hero Cobb was not caught in a dream. "If my role exists, this is reality, because I have never appeared in a dream. I am the one who invented dreams. " However, just as there are a thousand Hamlets in the minds of a thousand readers, everyone has his own understanding of this open ending. Nolan, the director, uses his unique nonlinear narrative technique to cut the plot into dream fragments, which are nested and superimposed on each other layer by layer, and finally present colorful colors that are detached from reality, which makes the audience’s brain run rapidly with the story, and then harvest an unprecedented intracranial climax &hellip after completing all the dream puzzles; … The process of "dreaming" is far more exciting than the ending, which is also the charm of Inception’s constant novelty. On August 28th, once again, you will dream and burn your brain. You already have God’s perspective. This time, you can focus more on the details, and you may accidentally unlock more eggs of dreams and gyroscopes.

　

No one comes after the magnificent dream dominates the film industry.

　

Inception has created a multi-magnificent dream that has never been seen before, and the nested "love love love" world is unconstrained. In a moment, the dreamer built a bridge on the ground, Paris reversed, and the world around him was full of mirror images but fragmented at the touch of a touch … … All the wonders that you can’t even think about appear on the screen one after another, bombing your eyes in turn and detonating your imagination. What’s even more shocking is that some of these amazing wonders were actually completed by Nolan, the director. For example, in order to shoot the fierce fighting in the zero-gravity corridor, the crew really built a 360-degree rotating corridor like a drum washing machine. For example, the locomotive rushed to the street to shuttle between the traffic, which is by no means a post-special effect … … Such a grand and spectacular dream, only in Inception, has never come after dominating the film industry for ten years. The best way to appreciate such a screen spectacle is to walk into the cinema, pick the biggest screen, and then accept the shocking baptism!

　

Epic production is immersive and truly shocking

　

After its release ten years ago, Inception not only won both box office and word of mouth, but also swept all major awards, and was nominated for the 2011 Academy Awards with eight nominations, and finally won four awards, including best photography, best visual effects, best sound mixing and best sound editing. The proud achievement depends on the epic production of the film, which has been filmed in six countries. The crew has experienced all difficulties and obstacles, from heavy rain to scorching sun, to snow and snow, and has completed extraordinary real shooting challenges. Because Nolan, the director, firmly believes that the actors can only present the most realistic performance in the real shooting scene, which will bring the most shocking impact to the audience, Nolan took the actors up the mountain and into the sea, and captured their figures with cameras all the way. Hard shooting finally creates an extraordinary impression of being there. With the incredible soundtrack created by Hans Zimmer, everyone will get the most hearty viewing experience in the cinema.

　

The star-studded golden lineup is unparalleled in the world.

　

It’s really exciting to look at Inception’s cast after ten years: Leonardo DiCaprio, the Oscar winner, marion cotillard, the best supporting actor in the Oscar, michael caine, Nolan’s royal actor, Tom Hardy, a new generation of stars with extraordinary performances, Joseph Gordon-Levitt and Ellen Page, and Japanese actor Watanabe & Hellep, who is very familiar to China audience; … Inception has gathered too many outstanding actors with both acting skills and good looks. In the past ten years, they have proved that this "golden" lineup has appreciated successfully with their strength. The Oscar-level gold lineup is full of stars, and the absolute value is back to the fare!

　

Tenet, a new work of time-space relay, hit hard

　

On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Inception’s release, the re-release of this classic masterpiece is not only a carnival for the "Ten Years of Inception", but also the best way to welcome Nolan’s latest masterpiece. In 2020, director Nolan released the latest original sci-fi action wonder blockbuster Tenet, which will land on the big screen in China on September 4th. Compared with Inception’s multiple dreams and five-dimensional space, Nolan will expand the screen time play in Tenet this time — — Take time as a weapon, reverse time and space to fight and save the world, an unprecedented law of time and space, beyond the previous grand production, and recreate amazing action wonders! With the successive reruns of Interstellar and Inception, the new film "Tenet Time Relay" followed closely, and "Nolan Sanlian" made a wild summer movie carnival, taking you to experience the ultimate experience of climbing to the top of the movie marathon! Seize the last happiness of summer, starting with Inception on August 28th!

　

Christopher Nolan’s sci-fi brain-burning classic masterpiece Inception landed in the national cinema on August 28th! Rush to buy tickets to review the classics, first watch Inception practice his brain. Nolan’s shocking new work Tenet will be released on September 4th, so we can learn from the new strength and start to reverse time and space!

　　The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to speed up the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other. Domestic and foreign enterprises and international personages interviewed by this reporter believe that China, as the second largest economy in the world and the only major economy in the world that has achieved positive economic growth this year, actively building a new development pattern and promoting reform and opening up at a higher starting point will promote the steady recovery and growth of the global economy.

　　"Further enhance the resilience and vitality of China’s economy"

　　In recent years, China’s economy has been transformed into a big domestic cycle. The ratio of current account surplus to GDP has dropped from 9.9% in 2007 to less than 1% now, and the contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth has exceeded 100% in seven years. In the coming period, the characteristics of China’s domestic market leading the national economic cycle will be more obvious, and the domestic demand potential of economic growth will be continuously released.

　　On the pencil production line of Longhui Stationery Co., Ltd. in Matou Town Industrial Park, jin an district, Lu ‘an City, Anhui Province, a series of processes are orderly, such as planing rod, rubber core, painting, printing and packaging. The company has an annual output of more than 300 million pencils, which are exported to more than 20 countries in Southeast Asia, Europe and America. Affected by the epidemic, the company’s export orders fell by about 30% in the first half of this year. Zhu Xingjia, the person in charge of the company, introduced that with the assistance of the local government, the company vigorously explored the domestic market and created a new brand "Liuzhou" pencil. At present, domestic sales have accounted for 40% of the company’s total sales, making up for the gap in the decline in export orders, and the output has been improved.

　　In Tonghai County, Yuxi City, the largest vegetable production base in Yunnan Province, Yunnan Huantai Import and Export Co., Ltd. actively uses e-commerce platform to expand the domestic market and find new growth points when foreign trade is facing difficulties. "We imported Vietnamese mangoes, Thai mangosteen, durian, longan, etc. and sold them to the domestic market. The benefits are very good." Kong Xiangping, general manager of the company, said that the company is planning to shift to intensive processing of vegetable products, and has attracted 1 million US dollars of foreign investment, which will be used to purchase equipment and rebuild processing workshops. "Make good use of the domestic and foreign markets, and we are full of confidence in the future development."

　　Vincent, honorary vice president of Belgian Zeebrugge Port Authority, said that the share of China’s consumer market in the global consumer market is growing day by day, and generate, a high-end consumer market, has strong purchasing power. China will actively build a new development pattern and cultivate a more mature consumer market, which will stimulate greater consumption potential. "The rapid development of e-commerce in China and the upgrading of domestic consumption promote the growth of cross-border business, providing a broader market for foreign enterprises and bringing great development opportunities to the world economy."

　　"Giving full play to the potential of domestic demand and better connecting the domestic market with the international market will further enhance the resilience and vitality of China’s economy." Enrique Fanjul, a former Spanish embassy in business counselor, said that the growing middle-income groups in China will further promote consumption upgrading and inject more impetus into economic development.

　　"Opened a more open door for foreign investors"

　　The new development pattern is by no means a closed domestic cycle, but an open domestic and international dual cycle. China’s position in the world economy will continue to rise, its ties with the world economy will be closer, and its market opportunities for other countries will be broader, making it a huge gravitational field for attracting international commodities and factor resources.

　　Multinational companies have said that they will continue to be optimistic about the China market, and their long-term business development strategy in China has not changed. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Commerce of China, from January to July this year, 18,838 foreign enterprises were newly established in China. From January to November, China actually used 899.38 billion yuan of foreign capital, a year-on-year increase of 6.3%.

　　Many multinational companies continue to increase their investment in China, and some large projects continue to land. Uniqlo, a world-renowned clothing brand, recently opened 19 new stores in 18 cities in China, accelerating its entry into the second, third and fourth tier cities in China; German pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim launched the Innovation Cooperation Center in Shanghai, saying that it will increase its capital in China by 450 million euros in the next five years; NEC invested 100 billion yen to build a new factory in China … … "The accelerated deployment of foreign companies in China shows that foreign investors have confidence in the China market. China is still a hot spot for global investment. " Vincent said.

　　"As GM’s largest market and global innovation center, China market is the key to realize the company’s vision." Mary Bola, Chairman and CEO of General Motors, said that GM sold 1.466 million vehicles worldwide in the second quarter, of which 713,600 vehicles were sold in China, accounting for more than 48% of the total global sales. "The China market is of strategic significance to GM, and we will continue to increase investment in technology and other fields in the future." Bai Li, global executive vice president of GM and president of GM China, said.

　　Axel Goethals, director of the Institute of Asian Affairs of the European Union, said that speeding up the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic macro-cycle as the main body and the domestic and international dual-cycle promoting each other is an important measure for China to further reform and open up, "opening the door for foreign investors, creating more opportunities and promoting the high-quality development of an open world economy".

　　"Based on the new stage of development, China has accelerated the construction of a new development pattern and adapted to the new changes in the international situation, which is of great significance to the economic development of China and the world." Professor Akiguchi Yosuke of the Department of Economics at Teijing University said that China’s continuous opening-up to the outside world, by improving the business environment and expanding foreign capital market access, will promote the mutual promotion of foreign trade and domestic market, which will bring more impetus and opportunities for the development of the world economy.

　　"Enterprises from all countries will enjoy more China development dividends."

　　Since the beginning of this year, the foreign investment law and its implementing regulations have been fully implemented, and the negative list of foreign investment access has been further reduced; Release and implementation of the overall plan for the expansion of the pilot free trade zone and the construction of Hainan free trade port … … A series of concrete measures have fully proved that the open door of China will not be closed, but will only grow wider and wider.

　　"In recent years, our cooperation with our partners in China has been very smooth, and the company has developed faster and faster." Zhu Lewen, manager of Thailand ZFB Import and Export Company, said: "With the further expansion of China’s opening to the outside world, we are full of confidence in China’s market prospects."

　　"The business environment in China is becoming more and more transparent and fair, and enterprises from all countries will enjoy more China development dividends." Vincent said that the epidemic has dealt a blow to the global shipping industry, and the shipping trade between China and Zeebrugge Port has not been interrupted. "China is a staunch supporter of economic globalization and free trade. As China accelerates the construction of a new development pattern, China will lead the recovery and development of the world economy."

　　Goethals said that in recent years, the business environment in China has been increasingly optimized, and the supply chain of the industrial chain has been moving towards the high end. The continuous upgrading of China’s consumer market and the increasing demand for high-quality products from other countries will provide important impetus for the recovery and development of the world economy.

　　"For Japanese companies, there are diverse and huge business opportunities in the China market." Keiyuki Sekou, research director of Canon Global Strategy Institute, said that Toyota, Matsushita Electric and Hitachi are expanding their business in China. I hope that Japanese business leaders will visit China more often, experience the rapidly developing China market for themselves, and formulate appropriate development strategies, which will surely reap more dividends.

　　Fanjul said that China is a staunch defender and active practitioner of multilateralism and believes that China will bring more opportunities for world economic recovery and development in the post-epidemic era.

　　(Beijing, Brussels, Madrid and Tokyo, December 29th, by reporters Gong Ming, Han Xiaoming, Yang Yi, Fang Yingxin, jiang bo and Liu Junguo)

人民网北京6月17日电，近日陆续公开的重庆不雅视频案落马厅官雷政富减刑，前首富、国美创始人黄光裕减刑消息，让“减刑”再度受到舆论关注。数据显示，目前全国减刑、假释案件一年有60多万件。据新华社《瞭望东方周刊》2011年报道，中国在押犯每年至少有20%至30%获得减刑。其中政商界减刑案亦不在少数，如原铁道部部长刘志军、武警少将吕文彦、薄谷开来由死缓减为无期；广东省委统战部原副部长黄少雄、辽阳市公安局原副局长富龙由无期减为有期；原足协副主席南勇、杨一民刑期变短等，均轰动一时。

我国法律规定，减刑只能适用于特定对象。依照刑法第78条之规定，被判处管制、拘役、有期徒刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子，在执行期间，如果认真遵守监规，接受教育改造，确有悔改表现的，或者有立功表现的，可以减刑。《最高人民法院关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律若干问题的规定》对“确有悔改表现”、应当认定为有“立功表现”的具体情形，以及相应的减刑幅度等都作出明确规定。此外，法院对于“三类罪犯”(职务犯、金融犯、涉黑犯)的减刑假释，在起始期、间隔期、减刑幅度和审理程序方面相比于普通罪犯都有更严格的要求。

According to another introduction, it is most important for prisoners to obtain commutation in prison. The actual performance is divided into five aspects: basic norms, labor norms, learning norms, living hygiene norms, civilized manners norms, etc. Each aspect has a clear quantitative assessment standard, which is assessed by the prison area every day, studied every week, and evaluated every ten days. According to the total score of the five aspects, it is converted into reward points every month according to the principle of high to low, and the reward points are accumulated month by month. After reaching a certain score, the administrative reward is evaluated, and the prisoner can declare the commutation according to the number of administrative rewards he has obtained. A prisoner who has received a major meritorious service award shall have his sentence reduced.

The reporter combed the cases of commutation of political and business sentences in recent years and found that good performance, active reform, praise, invention patents, publication of articles, participation in cultural and sports activities, exposure of others, and no intentional crime during the suspended execution of death penalty can all be used as the basis for commutation.

Lei Zhengfu.

Reason for commutation: active repentance for labor reform

In November, 2012, Lei Zhengfu, the official of the Falling Horse Hall in Chongqing indecent video case, was sentenced to 13 years’ imprisonment for accepting bribes. China Judgment Document Network recently announced that Lei Zhengfu, the former secretary of Beibei District Party Committee, was awarded three administrative awards for his repentance during his prison term, and he was able to seriously abide by laws, regulations and prison rules, accept education and reform, and complete production tasks well. He was sentenced to reduce his fixed-term imprisonment by 10 months according to law.

Similar to Lei Zhengfu’s case, recently, the website of Fujian Higher People’s Court released a message that Lv Wenyan, a major general of the Armed Police, was sentenced to death with a suspended sentence of 20 million yuan, which has been reduced to life. The reason given by the court for Lv Wenyan’s commutation is: it was found through trial that during the suspended execution of the death penalty, Lv Wenyan, a criminal, could plead guilty and repent, abide by laws and regulations, abide by the Code of Conduct for Prisoners, participate in all kinds of education, get qualified grades, actively participate in labor and strive to complete labor tasks.

Liang Yongxiang, former vice president and executive director of Jiangmen Intermediate People’s Court, was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment for accepting bribes in March 2012, and his property was confiscated by 100,000 yuan. While serving his sentence in prison, Liang Yongxiang won 25 awards for his efforts to complete the production task. In September 2013, he was named as a reform activist. For this reason, the prison proposed to reduce his sentence and obtained the approval of the court, reducing his imprisonment by 11 months.

Reason for commutation: to be rewarded for voluntarily paying the penalty.

Huang Guangyu, the founder of Gome, who was imprisoned in November 2008, was convicted of illegal business operation, insider trading and unit bribery. He was sentenced to 14 years in prison, fined 600 million yuan and confiscated 200 million yuan of property. The Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court issued a criminal ruling at the end of last month. During his sentence, Huang Guangyu, a criminal, was rewarded by prison reform activists for the second time, and his sentence was reduced by 11 months. In addition, Huang Guangyu has voluntarily paid fines and confiscated some personal property totaling RMB 800 million, and turned over illegal income of RMB 23,669,400.

In 2014, Hebei Women’s Prison explained the media report that "Tian Wenhua, the former chairman of Sanlu, commuted his sentence". Since April 2, 2009, the criminal Tian Wenhua has served his sentence in Hebei Women’s Prison. During his prison term, the criminal was able to plead guilty and obey the law, abide by the prison rules and discipline, actively participate in study, education and labor reform, and was awarded three times for merit assessment. He was named as an activist of prison level reform in 2010, and he did show repentance. In November 2011, the Higher People’s Court of Hebei Province ruled that his sentence was reduced from life imprisonment to fixed-term imprisonment of 19 years and deprivation of political rights to 6 years. After commutation, Tian was rewarded with many times for his good performance in reform, and there was no violation of discipline. In May 2014, the Intermediate People’s Court of Shijiazhuang City ruled that he was sentenced to one year and nine months in prison.

Wang Jianzhong, a "stock market Darkmouth", was sentenced to 7 years’ imprisonment and fined more than 125 million yuan for the crime of manipulating the securities market in August 2011. In December, 2014, the Beijing Public Security Bureau suggested that Wang Jianzhong be given an 11-month sentence reduction on the grounds that he had won two awards from activists in detention center reform. The Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court found through trial that Wang Jianzhong was "able to plead guilty and repent and receive education and reform during his prison term. From July 2012 to July 2014, he won two awards from activists of detention center reform, and finally decided to reduce Wang Jianzhong’s sentence by 10 months.

黄光裕。

减刑理由之：获得表扬

2012年8月19日，薄谷开来因犯故意杀人罪被判处死刑，缓期二年执行，剥夺政治权利终身。2015年法院裁定将罪犯薄谷开来死刑缓期二年执行的刑罚减为无期徒刑。其服刑的司法部燕城监狱的提请减刑建议书称，该犯在服刑期间能够遵守监规纪律，按照《监狱服刑人员行为规范》要求自己；参加思想、文化、技术学习，成绩合格；在劳动中，服从分配，按时完成劳动任务。在死刑缓期执行考验刑期执行期间，没有故意犯罪。在司法部燕城监狱于2013年5月、2013年11月、2014年5月共获表扬3次。

足坛反赌案要犯——中国足协原副主席杨一民在服刑期间，于2012年11月至2013年10月共获得表扬4次，还在狱中写了认罪悔罪书。鉴于此，燕城监狱向北京市二中院提出减刑建议，北京市二中院审理认定，杨一民“能认罪悔罪，认真遵守监规纪律，服从管理，积极参加学习，表现较好，确有悔改表现，依法予以减刑”。

On April 26th, 2011, Lu Jinchang, the former deputy commander of the development and construction headquarters in the northern part of Kunming, was sentenced to life imprisonment at first instance for accepting bribes and misappropriating public funds. In June 2013, the prison said that Lu Jinchang had won three praises and two special praises, and was rated as a sick prisoner due to illness. His life imprisonment was changed to 19 years and 9 months’ imprisonment.

Reason for commutation: invention patent

Nan Yong, the former vice chairman of the Football Association and director of the Football Management Center of the State Sports General Administration, was arrested by the Liaoning procuratorate in March 2010 and sentenced to 10 years and 6 months in prison in 2012, and fined RMB200,000. On December 9, 2014, the Beijing No.2 Intermediate People’s Court pronounced a sentence in court, and ruled that Nan Yong was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment. One of the reasons for the commutation was that Nan Yong invented four patents during his prison term and was praised by the prison. According to the patent inquiry system of China National Intellectual Property Administration China, Nan Yong’s four patents are: a soccer shooting practice device, a portable goal, a mobile terminal support frame and a desktop computer display assembly.

Liang Jianxing, the former secretary of the Party Committee and director of the Health Bureau of Fenghua City, Zhejiang Province, was sentenced to prison for accepting bribes in 2008. As of November 2014, a total of 11 inventions have obtained national patent certification in about six years. Its patents include an eye massager, a disposable nose sleeve for preventing PM2.5, and a pill counter. In 2011, Liang Jianxing received a one-year and three-month sentence reduction for his good performance in prison.

Lou Weigang, the former deputy director of the Transportation Bureau of a city in Sichuan Province, has been in prison since 2006. During his prison term, he cooperated with his inmates to invent two items, namely, the wall-mounted cigarette lighter and the embedded depth indicator of underwater pouring concrete conduit, and successfully applied for patents.

Chen Jianping, former director of the Geothermal Department of Beijing Land and Resources, took 458,000 bribes in seven years and was sentenced to 10 years in prison by the Second Intermediate People’s Court of Beijing for accepting bribes. During his prison term, Chen Jianping obtained patent certification for his inventions in the energy field.

Reason for commutation: publishing articles, books and newspapers

On July 8, 2013, Liu Zhijun, former Minister of Railways, was sentenced to death with a two-year suspension for accepting bribes and abusing his power. In December, 2015, the Beijing Higher People’s Court publicized the case of Liu Zhijun’s commutation. Since the delivery, Liu Zhijun, a criminal, has not intentionally committed a crime, but has been able to voluntarily plead guilty and obey the law, consciously accept education and reform, correctly understand the social harm of the crime, deeply analyze the root causes of the crime, and actively play his own social value. The warning value article "My Reflection and Analysis on the Crime Committed" was awarded the second prize by the prison. Be able to actively participate in political studies and collective activities, complete ideological reports on time, and constantly improve ideological understanding; Be able to participate in labor reform as much as possible, conscientiously complete labor tasks, and do a good job in indoor and outdoor sanitation and cleaning according to regulations. In 2014, Liu Zhijun, a criminal, was awarded by an activist of prison labor reform for his good performance in prison reform. Later, the court ruled that Liu Zhijun’s death penalty with a two-year suspension was reduced to life imprisonment.

Zhang Erjiang, the former deputy secretary of Danjiangkou Municipal Committee and mayor of Hubei Province, who was called "secretary of the five poisons" for "boasting, selling, whoring, gambling and greed", was sentenced to 18 years in July 2002 for accepting bribes and corruption. During his prison term, he used his own cultural knowledge to write four literary criticism books, namely, A New Interpretation of Poems of < Wind >, An Annotation of Sun Tzu’s Art of War in Vernacular Warfare, An Annotation of Shangshu in Vernacular Warfare, and A New Interpretation of Poems of < Ya Song >, which have been published by Hunan People’s Publishing House and Shaanxi People’s Publishing House respectively. Among them, his book Vernacular Military Classics-Sun Tzu’s Art of War, written under the pen name Yuanjiang, was appraised as "a valuable contribution to the accurate understanding of Sun Tzu’s Art of War" by Sun Tzu’s Art of War Research Society of the Academy of Military Sciences. The prison reduced his sentence by one year in 2005; In 2006, Zhang Erjiang won another major meritorious award; In June 2007, the sentence was reduced for another two years and six months.

Nan Yong, the former vice chairman of the Football Association, not only declared many inventions in prison, but also worked hard when he took part in labor, and was elected as the leader of the greening team of Yancheng Prison. I also wrote several books in my spare time. One of them, The Lonely Sacrificer, was published last year. Nan Yong’s Lonely Sacrifice won a total of 180 points in two months, that is, a reward praised by the prison, which is equivalent to two months’ commutation. This award enabled Nan Yong to get a two-month commutation, which also made his final commutation time reach one year.

In 1996, Hu Jianxue, former party secretary of Tai ‘an City, Shandong Province, was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve for accepting bribes. During his prison term, his sentence was reduced five times for his active performance in running a newspaper in prison, and his sentence was reduced from death to 15 years and 6 months in prison.

Reason for commutation: report and expose other people’s crimes

In April this year, Chen Xiaobo, former deputy secretary of the Party Committee of shenzhen polytechnic and member of the Fifth CPPCC, was tried for accepting bribes. The Yantian District Court held that, in view of the fact that after Chen Xiaobo was brought to justice, he exposed the criminal acts of others and verified them, which constituted meritorious service and mitigated the punishment according to law; Moreover, after he was brought to justice, he truthfully confessed the facts of the crime, and his guilty attitude was good, so he could be given a lighter punishment according to law. In addition, after the incident, Chen Xiaobo returned most of the stolen money, which can be mitigated as appropriate. The Yantian District Court comprehensively considered Chen Xiaobo’s criminal circumstances and penitence, and sentenced Chen Xiaobo to five years’ imprisonment, fined 1 million RMB, confiscated 710,000 illegal money seized in the case and turned it over to the state treasury, and continued to recover 297,000 illegal money involved in the case and turned it over to the state treasury.

Ma De, the biggest corrupt official who sold officials since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, was tried for accepting bribes of more than 6 million yuan from 17 people. The court found that Ma De’s report exposed clues that others were suspected of accepting bribes, which was verified to be true and meritorious. Ma De was sentenced to death in the first instance. In November 2007, Ma De was commuted to life imprisonment; In January 2010, it was reduced to 18 years in prison; In June 2015, the sentence was reduced by another year. Yancheng Prison of the Ministry of Justice, where he served his sentence, believes that Ma De pleaded guilty and repented during his sentence, observed prison regulations, and actively participated in ideological, cultural and technical study and labor. During the assessment period, he was awarded two annual prison awards and one annual prison award, which really showed repentance.

In June 2014, Dai Heng, director of the Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Bureau of Changfeng County, Hefei City, was sentenced to five and a half years in prison by Changfeng Court for accepting bribes and abusing his power. After being brought to justice, Dai Hengcheng truthfully explained most of the facts of bribery crimes that the case-handling organs did not grasp, and withdrew the money of 80,000 yuan; It exposed the criminal act of accepting bribes by his subordinate Zheng, which was verified to be true. Dai Hengcheng’s relatives withdrew more than 110,000 yuan of money on their behalf. In the end, the court sentenced the defendant Dai Hengcheng to accept bribes and sentenced him to five years in prison. He was convicted of abuse of power and sentenced to one year in prison, and decided to execute a fixed-term imprisonment of five years and six months.

Chen Mou Qiang, the former clerk of Foshan Archives Center, was arrested for corruption and bribery. During an interview with the Foshan Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection in November 2013, Chen Mou Qiang not only voluntarily confessed the fact that he received benefits through the project, but also actively exposed the criminal behavior of Zhang Yongzhao, then director of Foshan Archives Bureau. In view of Chen Mou’s surrender and meritorious service, he also actively returned 164,000 yuan of stolen goods. During the first trial, the public prosecution suggested that Chen Mou Qiang be sentenced to two to three years’ imprisonment for corruption and five to seven years’ imprisonment for accepting bribes.

Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole.

On November 21, 2011, the 1532nd meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People’s Court adopted the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole (hereinafter referred to as the Provisions), which came into effect on July 1.

I. Revision background of the Regulations

Commutation and parole work is an important part of the work of the people’s court. In 1997, the Supreme People’s Court promulgated and implemented the Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole (Fa Fa [1997] No.25), which played an active and effective role in guiding the work of commutation and parole. However, with the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous progress of the rule of law, new situations and problems have emerged in judicial practice, and some problems have also been exposed in commutation and parole work, such as the lack of transparency in case trial procedures, the imperfect supervision mechanism, the stipulation that "more serious crimes are reduced and less minor crimes are reduced" does not conform to the criminal policy of combining leniency with severity, and the application rate of parole is generally low. The people have put forward higher requirements and expectations for commutation and parole work. The reform of commutation and parole system is also one of the important tasks determined by the reform of the central judicial system and working mechanism and the third five-year reform of the people’s courts. Its main purpose is to "establish an open system of commutation and parole trial procedures and strictly apply the conditions for commutation and parole of major criminals".

Second, the revision process of the Regulations

In 2009, the Supreme People’s Court officially started the revision of the judicial interpretation of commutation and parole, conducted a full investigation and solicited opinions from all parties concerned. He went to Hainan, Guangdong, Hubei, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong and other places to conduct special investigations, and held special seminars in Hebei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Henan and other places, soliciting and listening to the opinions of the NPC Law Committee, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice, some high and intermediate people’s courts, first-line prisons, detention centers, police officers, experts and scholars, and ordinary people. After repeated research and argumentation, they were constantly revised and improved, and finally came out.

III. Main contents of the Regulations

Article 1 According to the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 78 of the Criminal Law, a criminal sentenced to public surveillance, criminal detention, fixed-term imprisonment or life imprisonment, during the execution period, may have his sentence reduced if he earnestly abides by the prison regulations, receives education and reform, shows genuine repentance, or performs meritorious service; Those who have made significant meritorious service shall have their sentences reduced.

Article 2 "True repentance" means having the following four conditions at the same time: pleading guilty and repenting; Seriously abide by laws, regulations and supervision rules, and accept education and reform; Actively participate in ideological, cultural, vocational and technical education; Actively participate in labor and strive to complete labor tasks.

If a criminal complains during the execution of the penalty, his right to complain should be protected according to law, and the complaint against a criminal should not be considered as not pleading guilty and repenting without analysis.

Criminals who actively execute property punishment and perform incidental civil compensation obligations can be regarded as guilty and penitent, and can be lenient in commutation and parole; Those who have the ability to perform and fail to perform shall be strictly controlled in commutation and parole.

Article 3 A person who has one of the following circumstances shall be deemed to have made meritorious service:

(1) preventing others from committing criminal activities;

(two) to report and expose criminal activities inside and outside the prison, or to provide important clues to solve the case, which is verified by investigation;

(3) assisting judicial organs in arresting other criminal suspects (including accomplices);

(4) Having made outstanding achievements in technological innovation in production and scientific research;

(five) outstanding performance in emergency rescue and disaster relief or exclusion of major accidents;

(6) Having made other contributions to the country and society.

Article 4 A person who has one of the following circumstances shall be deemed to have made "significant meritorious service":

(a) to prevent others from committing major criminal activities;

(2) reporting major criminal activities inside and outside the prison, which is verified by investigation;

(3) assisting judicial organs in arresting other major criminal suspects (including accomplices);

(four) there are inventions or major technological innovations;

(5) Giving oneself up to save others in daily production and life;

(6) having made outstanding performance in resisting natural disasters or eliminating major accidents;

(seven) other significant contributions to the country and society.

Article 5 If a prisoner with fixed-term imprisonment meets the conditions for commutation during the execution of punishment, the range of commutation shall be as follows: if he does show repentance or perform meritorious service, the commutation at one time shall generally not exceed one year of fixed-term imprisonment; Those who do show repentance and perform meritorious service, or have made significant meritorious service, shall generally be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years at a time.

Article 6 The starting time and interval of commutation for prisoners with fixed-term imprisonment are as follows: A prisoner sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of more than five years can generally commute his sentence after serving it for more than one year and six months, and the interval between two commutes should generally be more than one year. Criminals sentenced to less than five years of fixed-term imprisonment may appropriately shorten the starting and interval time by referring to the above provisions.

Those who have made significant meritorious service can be exempted from the above-mentioned restrictions on the start and interval of commutation.

The starting time of commutation of fixed-term imprisonment is calculated from the date of execution of the judgment. Article 7. If a life-imprisonment prisoner does show repentance or render meritorious service during the execution of the penalty, his sentence may be commuted after serving two years. The range of commutation is: those who do repent or perform meritorious service can generally be reduced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 20 years but not more than 22 years; Those who have made significant meritorious service may be reduced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 15 years but not more than 20 years.

Article 8 After a life-imprisonment prisoner has had his sentence commuted once or several times, his actual sentence shall not be less than thirteen years, and the starting time shall be counted from the date when the life-imprisonment sentence is determined.

Article 9 If a criminal whose death sentence is suspended is commuted to life imprisonment, and he really shows repentance or meritorious service, he may be commuted to 25 years’ imprisonment after serving two years’ imprisonment; Those who have made significant meritorious service may be commuted to 23 years’ imprisonment after serving two years’ imprisonment.

After one or several commutation, the actual sentence of a criminal with a suspended death sentence shall not be less than 15 years, not including the suspended death sentence.

If a criminal with a suspended death sentence resists reform during the suspended execution period, which does not constitute a crime, his sentence may be reduced severely thereafter.

Article 10 If a prisoner with a suspended death sentence whose commutation is restricted is commuted to life imprisonment according to law after the expiration of the suspended death sentence, or is commuted to 25 years’ imprisonment due to significant meritorious service, the starting time, interval and range of commutation shall be strictly controlled by comparing with those with a suspended death sentence whose commutation is not restricted.

Article 11 A criminal sentenced to public surveillance or criminal detention, and a criminal whose remaining sentence is less than one year’s fixed-term imprisonment after the judgment takes effect, may have his sentence reduced as appropriate, and the actually executed sentence shall not be less than half of the original sentence.

Article 12 When a prisoner with fixed-term imprisonment commutes his sentence, the additional period of deprivation of political rights may be reduced at his discretion. The period of deprivation of political rights after discretion shall not be less than one year.

Article 13 A criminal sentenced to criminal detention or fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years with a suspended sentence is generally not applicable to commutation.

If a criminal specified in the preceding paragraph has made significant meritorious service during the probation period, his sentence may be reduced with reference to the provisions of Article 78 of the Criminal Law, and his probation period shall be shortened according to law. The probation period for criminal detention shall not be less than two months, and the probation period for fixed-term imprisonment shall not be less than one year.

Article 14 If a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment commits another crime during the execution of the penalty and is sentenced to a penalty of not more than fixed-term imprisonment, his sentence will generally not be reduced within two years from the date when the new crime judgment is determined; If a new crime is sentenced to life imprisonment, the sentence will generally not be reduced within three years from the date when the new crime judgment is determined.

Article 15 In handling a parole case, the judgment that there is no danger of committing another crime should be based on the specific circumstances of the crime, the original sentence, the consistent performance in the execution of the penalty, the age, physical condition, personality characteristics of the prisoner, the source of life after parole and the supervision conditions, in addition to the circumstances stipulated in Article 81 of the Criminal Law.

Article 16 The starting time for a prisoner with fixed-term imprisonment to be released on parole and execute more than half of the original sentence shall be counted from the date of execution of the judgment. If he is detained before execution of the judgment, one day of detention will be counted as one day of the sentence.

Article 17 "Special circumstances" as stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 81 of the Criminal Law refers to situations that have an important relationship with the interests of the state and society.

Article 18 No parole shall be granted to recidivists and criminals sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years or life imprisonment for intentional homicide, rape, robbery, kidnapping, arson, explosion, throwing dangerous substances or organized violent crimes.

A criminal sentenced to death with a suspended execution for the circumstances and crimes mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall not be released on parole after being commuted to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment.

Article 19. The commutation and parole of juvenile criminals may be appropriately lenient according to law, mutatis mutandis, to adult criminals.

Juvenile criminals who can plead guilty and repent, abide by laws, regulations and prison rules, and actively participate in study and labor should be regarded as having genuine repentance, and the range of commutation can be appropriately relaxed, and the starting time and interval can be shortened accordingly. Those who meet the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 81 of the Criminal Law may be released on parole.

The juvenile criminals mentioned in the preceding two paragraphs refer to criminals under the age of 18 at the time of commutation.

Twentieth elderly, physically disabled (excluding self-injury disability), suffering from serious diseases, commutation and parole, should focus on the actual performance of repentance.

Old-age, physically disabled and seriously ill criminals who have basically lost their ability to work and are unable to take care of themselves can seriously abide by laws, regulations and prison rules and receive education and reform, which should be regarded as true repentance. The range of commutation can be appropriately relaxed, and the starting time and interval can be shortened accordingly. If the life after parole is really settled, he may be released on parole according to law, except in cases where parole is not allowed according to the law and this interpretation.

Commutation and parole of criminals with physical disabilities and criminals suffering from serious diseases shall be determined by legal appraisal institutions according to law.

Article 21 A criminal whose death sentence is suspended may be released on parole if his sentence is commuted to life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment, which conforms to the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 81 of the Criminal Law and the second paragraph of Article 9 and Article 18 of these Provisions.

Article 22 The interval between a prisoner’s commutation and parole is generally one year; For those who decide to be released on parole after deducting two years’ imprisonment at one time, the interval shall not be less than two years.

If the remaining sentence of a criminal after commutation is less than two years and he decides to be released on parole, the interval may be appropriately shortened.

Article 23 If the people’s court retries a case in accordance with the procedure of trial supervision and upholds the original judgment or ruling, the effect of the original ruling on commutation and parole remains unchanged; If the original judgment or ruling is changed, the penalty execution organ shall, according to the retrial judgment and the original commutation and parole, request the people’s court with jurisdiction to make a new ruling on commutation and parole.

Article 24 When accepting a case of commutation or parole, the people’s court shall examine whether the executing organ has transferred the following materials:

(1) A proposal for commutation or parole;

(2) Copies of the judgment documents, enforcement notices and previous commutation rulings of the Court of Final Appeal;

(3) Written evidence of the specific facts that the prisoner has repented or rendered meritorious service;

(four) criminal appraisal form, reward and punishment approval form;

(five) other materials that need to be transferred according to the trial of the case.

Where parole is requested, an investigation and evaluation report of the community correction institution on the impact of parole on the community where the prisoner lives shall be attached.

The procuratorial opinions put forward by the people’s procuratorate on the case of commutation or parole shall be transferred to the people’s court that accepts the case of commutation or parole.

Upon examination, if the materials specified in the preceding three paragraphs are complete, a case shall be filed; If the materials are not complete, it shall notify the executing organ that submitted the commutation or parole to make up for it.

Twenty-fifth people’s courts shall publicize all cases of commutation and parole. The publicity place is a public area where criminals serve their sentences. Where conditions permit, it should be publicized to the public and accept social supervision. Publicity shall include the following contents:

(1) the name of the criminal;

(2) The charges and terms of imprisonment as determined in the original judgment;

(3) Previous commutation of sentences by criminals;

(4) Suggestions and basis for commutation and parole of the executing organ;

(5) Time limit for publicity;

(6) feedback methods, etc.

Article 26 A people’s court may try a case of commutation or parole in writing. However, the following cases shall be heard in court:

(a) because the criminal has made significant meritorious service, the sentence is reduced;

(2) The starting time, interval or commutation range of the application for commutation do not conform to the general provisions;

(three) have a significant impact in society or high social concern;

(four) received complaints during the publicity period;

(five) the people’s Procuratorate has objections;

(6) The people’s court deems it necessary to hold a hearing.

Twenty-seventh before the people’s court makes a ruling on commutation or parole, the people’s court shall decide whether or not to allow the execution organ to withdraw the proposal of commutation or parole in writing.

Article 28 A ruling on commutation or parole shall be delivered to the relevant executing organ, the people’s procuratorate and the criminal himself within seven days from the date of making the ruling.

Article 29 If a people’s court finds that there is indeed an error in the ruling of commutation or parole that has come into effect by itself or the people’s court at a lower level, it shall re-form a collegial panel to try and make a ruling according to law.

Fourth, the significance of implementing the Regulations

The "Regulations" strictly implement the criminal policy of tempering justice with mercy and actively promote the openness of trial procedures for commutation and parole cases, which is of great guiding significance for correctly applying the law to handle commutation and parole cases and maintaining the fairness and justice of penalty execution.

Provisions of the People’s Procuratorate on Handling Cases of Commutation and Parole (full text)

(adopted at the 25th meeting of the 12th Procuratorial Committee of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on July 21, 2014)

Article 1 In order to further strengthen and standardize the legal supervision of commutation and parole, and ensure that the execution of penalty changes is legal and fair, these Provisions are formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Criminal Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Prison Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), combined with the actual procuratorial work.

Article 2 The People’s Procuratorate shall exercise legal supervision over the legality of the submission, trial and ruling of commutation and parole cases.

Article 3 When handling cases of commutation and parole, the People’s Procuratorate shall handle them separately according to the following circumstances:

(1) The people’s procuratorate, which is responsible for procuratorial duties to the executing organ, shall supervise the activities of submitting commutation and parole cases;

(2) The people’s procuratorate at the same level of the people’s court shall be responsible for the supervision of the trial and adjudication of commutation and parole cases; If the people’s procuratorate at the same level does not undertake procuratorial duties to the executing organ, it may, if necessary, designate the people’s procuratorate that undertakes procuratorial duties to the executing organ to send personnel to attend the court; If the people’s procuratorate at a lower level finds that the ruling on commutation or parole is improper, it shall promptly report to the people’s procuratorate at the same level of the people’s court that made the ruling on commutation or parole.

Article 4 The people’s procuratorates shall, in handling cases of commutation and parole, implement unified case management and responsibility system for handling cases in accordance with regulations.

Article 5 The people’s procuratorate shall, after receiving the following materials of commutation and parole cases transferred by the executing organ, conduct a timely review:

(a) the executive organ intends to submit opinions on commutation and parole;

(2) Judgment documents of the Court of Final Appeal, enforcement notices and previous rulings on commutation;

(3) Proof that the prisoner has indeed shown repentance, rendered meritorious service or made significant meritorious service;

(four) criminal appraisal form, reward and punishment approval form;

(5) Other case materials that should be examined.

For cases to be submitted for parole, the investigation and evaluation report of community correction institutions or grass-roots organizations on the impact of parole on the community where criminals live should also be reviewed.

Article 6 Under any of the following circumstances, the people’s procuratorate shall conduct investigation and verification:

(1) The criminal who intends to apply for commutation or parole is a duty criminal, a criminal who undermines the order of financial management and financial fraud, a criminal who is organized by the underworld, a criminal who commits serious violent terrorist crimes, or other criminals who have great influence in society and are highly concerned by the society;

(2) It is proposed to reduce the sentence because of the criminal’s meritorious service or significant meritorious service;

(3) A criminal who intends to apply for commutation or parole has a large commutation range, a long probation period for parole, an early start time, a short interval or a short actually executed sentence;

(four) the criminals who intend to be submitted for commutation or parole have high assessment scores, many special awards or doubtful appraisal materials and reward and punishment records;

(5) Having received a complaint or report;

(six) other should be investigated and verified.

Article 7 The People’s Procuratorate may investigate and verify the following situations by reading and copying relevant materials, reorganizing diagnosis and identification, conducting documentary identification, holding symposiums and individual inquiries:

(1) The performance of the criminal who intends to request commutation or parole during his sentence;

(2) The execution of property penalty, the performance of incidental civil judgment, the return of stolen goods and compensation, etc., which are proposed for commutation or parole of criminals;

(3) Whether the meritorious service and major meritorious service of the criminal who intends to reduce his sentence are true, and whether the invention, creation and technological innovation were independently completed by the criminal during his sentence and confirmed by the relevant competent authorities;

(4) Factors that affect recidivism, such as the physical condition, personality characteristics, source of life after parole and supervision conditions of the criminal who intends to be paroled;

(five) other circumstances that should be investigated and verified.

Article 8 The people’s procuratorate may send personnel to attend the review meeting of commutation and parole submitted by the executing organ as nonvoting delegates to understand the relevant situation of the case and express opinions as needed.

Article 9 If a people’s procuratorate finds that a criminal meets the conditions for commutation or parole, but the executing organ fails to request commutation or parole, it may suggest that the executing organ request commutation or parole.

Article 10 After receiving a copy of the proposal for commutation and parole copied by the executing organ, the people’s procuratorate shall examine the case by case and may submit written opinions to the people’s court. If it is found that the proposal for commutation or parole is improper or that the proposal for commutation or parole violates legal procedures, it shall, within ten days after receiving the copy of the proposal, submit written opinions to the people’s court hearing the case of commutation or parole according to law, and at the same time, send a copy of the procuratorial opinion to the executing organ. If the case is complicated or special, it may be extended for ten days.

Article 11 When the people’s court holds a court session to hear cases of commutation or parole, the people’s procuratorate shall assign procurators to attend the court, express procuratorial opinions and supervise the legality of the court proceedings.

Article 12 There shall be no less than two prosecutors present at the court, at least one of whom has the post of prosecutor.

Thirteenth prosecutors should make the following preparations before the trial:

(a) fully familiar with the case, grasp the evidence, and draw up the outline of the court investigation and the opinions of appearing in court;

(2) Relevant evidence shall be collected in cases where the executing organ has objections to commutation or parole, and it may be suggested that the people’s court notify relevant witnesses to testify in court.

Article 14 After the trial begins, after the representative of the executing organ reads out the proposal for commutation and parole and explains the reasons, the procurator shall express his procuratorial opinions.

Article 15 During the trial, if the procurator has doubts about the commutation or parole requested by the executing agency, he may, with the permission of the presiding judge, present evidence, apply for witnesses to testify in court, ask the representatives of the executing agency to present evidence or make explanations, ask questions and express opinions to the criminals and witnesses who have been requested to commute or parole.

Article 16 At the end of the court investigation, and before the prisoner who has been asked for commutation or parole makes a final statement, the procurator may, with the permission of the presiding judge, make concluding comments.

Article 17 During the trial, if the procurator thinks that it is necessary to further investigate and verify the facts and evidence of the case, need supplementary appraisal or re-appraisal, or need to notify new witnesses to appear in court, he shall propose an adjournment.

Eighteenth prosecutors found that the court trial activities in violation of the law, should be promptly reported to the chief procurator of the court after the trial, put forward rectification opinions to the people’s court according to law.

Article 19 After receiving a copy of the ruling of the people’s court on commutation and parole, the people’s procuratorate shall promptly review the following contents:

(a) the people’s court ruled that criminals should be commuted or released on parole, and whether the starting time, interval, actual executed sentence, commutation range or probation period of parole are in compliance with the relevant provisions;

(2) Whether the people’s court’s decision not to reduce the sentence or release the prisoner on parole complies with the relevant provisions;

(3) Whether the procedures for the people’s court to hear and order commutation or parole are legal;

(four) in accordance with the relevant provisions of the commutation and parole cases, whether the people’s court hearing;

(five) whether the ruling of the people’s court on commutation and parole has been served and executed according to law and announced to the public.

Article 20 If the people’s procuratorate considers that the people’s court’s ruling on commutation or parole is improper after examination, it shall, within 20 days after receiving the copy of the ruling, put forward written correction opinions to the people’s court that made the ruling on commutation or parole according to law.

Article 21 If a people’s procuratorate puts forward rectification opinions on the people’s court’s ruling on commutation or parole, it shall supervise the people’s court to re-form a collegiate bench for trial and make a final ruling within one month after receiving the rectification opinions.

Article 22 If the people’s procuratorate finds that the ruling on commutation or parole that has come into effect by the people’s court is indeed wrong, it shall submit a written correction opinion to the people’s court, and request the people’s court to form a new collegial panel according to the trial supervision procedure and make a ruling.

Article 23 If a people’s procuratorate receives a complaint, reports or finds that a judicial officer is suspected of breaking the law in handling a case of commutation or parole, it shall conduct an investigation according to law, and, according to the situation, put forward opinions to the relevant units to correct the violation, suggest changing the case handler, or suggest disciplinary action; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Twenty-fourth people’s procuratorates handle cases of commutation and parole of duty criminals, and carry out record review in accordance with relevant regulations.

Twenty-fifth the provisions shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. Where the relevant provisions previously issued by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate are inconsistent with these Provisions, these Provisions shall prevail.

　　CCTV News:The Central Economic Work Conference made it clear that in 2023, we should adhere to the principle of stability and strive for progress while maintaining stability, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, intensify macro-policy regulation and control, strengthen coordination and cooperation of various policies, and form a joint force to promote high-quality development.

　　To promote high-quality development, policies and funds are indispensable. Where funds flow to sufficient places, it is often where economic activities are more active. What funds are there in the market? Where did all these funds flow?

　　In 2022, where did the national financial funds focus? The data shows that in the first 10 months of this year, the national general public budget expenditure exceeded 20 trillion yuan, of which about 65% was invested in people’s livelihood areas such as education, social security and employment.

　　In these areas of people’s livelihood, which area of national investment has the fastest growth rate? Science and technology are definitely on the list. In the first ten months, the expenditure on science and technology exceeded 700 billion yuan, up 8.8% year-on-year, and the growth rate was second only to health. This year, the expenditure budget for basic research alone reached 123.2 billion yuan, an increase of 62.7 billion yuan over 2017, more than doubling.

　　Financial strength, strong currency. In order to guide financial institutions to increase their support for scientific and technological innovation, this year, the People’s Bank of China created a second loan for scientific and technological innovation for the first time, with a scale of 200 billion yuan.

　　While the state supports it, market forces are also contributing to scientific and technological innovation. According to the data, from January 1st to November 30th this year, there were 248 companies listed on the Growth Enterprise Market and science and technology innovation board, and the initial raised funds approached 400 billion yuan (397.387 billion yuan), accounting for 66.7% and 81.1% of the initial listed companies in the same period respectively. The capital market has become one of the important sources of funds for science and technology enterprises.

　　Roughly speaking, trillion yuan of funds have flowed to the field of scientific and technological innovation. What’s the effect? According to the 2022 Global Innovation Index Report released by the World Intellectual Property Organization, China’s ranking has steadily improved for ten consecutive years, ranking 11th, up 23 places from 2012.

　　Is there a contradiction between not leaving homework and improving grades? The Fifth Primary School of Shenyang Railway has given an almost perfect answer with 34 years’ practice.

　　When many parents are anxious to accompany their children to do homework after class, the three principals of this primary school insist on not leaving written homework for 34 years, and carry out the experiment of happy education reform, so that students can effectively integrate into learning under the guidance of interest and reduce the burden and improve the quality under the concept of happy education.

　　Ask for quality in a 40-minute class

　　"Only teachers who don’t understand, no children who can’t learn. There are so many knowledge points that there is no need to leave homework and practice repeatedly. " Zhang Xiujin, the old headmaster, said.

　　Railway five primary schools do not leave written homework, which originated in 1984. At that time, the students had a heavy burden, so Zhang Xiujin, then the principal, decided to reduce the burden in the whole school and started a pilot class first. The method is simple: be effective in the classroom, increase the interaction between teachers and students, and mobilize the enthusiasm of students. After half a year, the results of the pilot class are significantly higher than those of other classes. Since then, no homework has been left in the whole school from grade one to grade six.

　　"Efficient classroom" is a high-frequency word mentioned by teachers in the interview. "The sea tactics is a misunderstanding. Teachers should concentrate the most essential knowledge points in the classroom so that students can draw inferences from one another." Yu Ying, the current principal, said that teachers should ensure that all the knowledge learned by students in every class, every day and every stage can be absorbed and digested in the classroom. This is called the "three cleanups" system.

　　In order to realize the "Three Clearances", in Railway No.5 Primary School, teachers spend a lot of energy on preparing lessons and teaching exchanges to ensure the high quality of teaching. After Yu Miao, a fifth-grade teacher, came to Railway No.5 Primary School, all school leaders attended the class collectively, giving her suggestions and guiding the improvement of classroom teaching. In 2017, she won the title of senior Chinese subject in the "Evaluation of Good Classroom Teaching in Heping District".

　　In order to improve students’ ability to study efficiently, the school offers a 15-minute mini-training course every afternoon. From writing and memorizing in a limited time in junior grades to arranging and communicating mind maps in senior grades, students’ abilities of memorizing, listening and summarizing are greatly improved, and their thinking quality is greatly improved.

　　In the past 34 years, the tradition of not leaving written homework has been preserved. For Yu Ying, the current principal, the pressure to insist on not leaving homework has only increased over the years: although the junior high school has been cancelled, the pressure to enter a higher school has moved forward, parents have higher expectations for their children, and the difficulty of various exams has also been continuously improved. Can the trick of not leaving homework still be used?

　　"As long as the educational concept is correct and you have the determination to stick to it, &lsquo; Independent and efficient &rsquo; If the classroom teaching is realized, there is no need for homework. " Yu Ying, who has been a teacher for 26 years since she joined the work, explored the educational idea that "students are the future", and made the school’s educational strategy and action plan with cultivating students’ core literacy and providing appropriate education for children as the core concept.

　　Today, there are 67 classes and more than 3,100 students in three campuses of Railway Five Primary Schools, and all of them still insist on leaving no written homework.

　　What do students do after school?

　　There is no written homework after class. What do students do when they go home? And the school doesn’t care at all

　　After school, Shi Diance, a fifth and second grader of the railway, did not go home directly, but once again devoted himself to his favorite ice hockey training ground. He has been practicing ice hockey for nearly a year, and he has performed brilliantly in the Liaoning Ice Hockey League. After two hours of training, he turned on the TV at home first, not to watch cartoons, but to watch the news on the hour. Before going to bed, he watched the extracurricular book Magic School Bus recommended by the head teacher for a while.

　　In Railway No.5 Primary School, there is no unified written homework, but every child will arrange his life after school according to his own interests and specialties: reading novels, doing handicrafts, practicing calligraphy, and dancing street dance &hellip; &hellip;

　　According to reports, in order to enrich students’ extracurricular activities, Railway Five Primary Schools recommend "books with words" and "books without words". "Books with characters" are traditional books. By recommending books regularly, offering one-hour reading class every week, reading exchange once a month and reading festival once a semester, students’ ability and quality of lifelong reading are cultivated. "Wordless book" is news, which guides students to read newspapers, listen to the radio and pay attention to online news every day, and carries out students’ independent "broadcast", "comment" and "debate" news every morning.

　　The school has set up 20 compulsory courses such as intelligent robot, Orff music and digital art, and more than 60 elective clubs such as science and technology, art, fitness, reading club and English club to help children locate themselves and find their own interests. At the same time, further enrich students’ life at school and after class, and prevent them from drowning in the sea of books and mountains.

　　Happy education makes students enjoy it endlessly.

　　"Everyday Dad", a fourth-grade parent of the fifth grade of the railway, said in the opening message to all parents of freshmen in 2016: "The school is characterized by not leaving homework, reading and broadcasting news. With these characteristics, children’s knowledge and learning efficiency will become unusual."

　　Li Jiaxi, a fourth-grade student, had an average academic record, and sometimes she showed hyperactivity, inattention and low learning efficiency in class. Since joining the school maker space club for one year, he has become a core member of the study group and a small star of science and technology. The innovative works he led the team members to study together &mdash; &mdash; "Portable One-stop Mobile Phone Companion" has been shortlisted for the 2018 Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Competition.

　　Wang Hongliang, a graduate of the school in 2013, is now studying in Liaoning Experimental Middle School. In 2016, he was ranked third in the city with a score of 744 (out of 760) in the senior high school entrance examination. He benefited a lot from his study experience in Railway No.5 Primary School.

　　"High school is very stressful and hard. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I always think of the experience of primary school. A large number of books read at that time are still fresh in my memory until now; Watching the news broadcast every morning makes me develop the habit of paying attention to current affairs and politics, which is of great help to the study of politics and other subjects. " Wang Hongliang said, "What impressed me the most was the robot community, which cultivated my hands-on, innovation, spatial thinking and other abilities. Sometimes I don’t need to draw pictures to solve solid geometry problems, so I can see the form built by Lego in primary schools &hellip; &hellip; The education of Tiewu contains too many things that are useful for growth. It was only when I was in junior high school and high school that I slowly revealed it and let me enjoy it endlessly. "

　　Along the way, doubts and doubts were heard in not fade away. However, the five primary schools of the Railway did not change their minds, persisted in exploring new measures for running a happy education, and constantly introduced new curriculum systems such as micro-courses, science and technology courses, research and practice courses, and handed over beautiful transcripts: the quality monitoring of students’ subjects ranked among the best in the whole region, and the achievements in Chinese and English subjects ranked third and fourth among 55 primary schools in the experimental area of the city. In recent five years, they won hundreds of honors in science, technology, art and sports at or above the provincial level.

　　President Yu Ying said: "As basic educators, we will continue to inherit and carry forward the ideological essence of pleasant education, actively explore new fields under the conditions of information technology reform, start with students’ learning ability and study habits, and focus on students’ infinite possibilities in the future to improve the quality of life in childhood." (Reporter Wang Ying)

　　Litchi news The Nanjing Municipal Education Bureau issued the "Implementation Opinions on Compulsory Education Enrollment in the City in 2023" today. What are the main contents of compulsory education enrollment in the city? How to arrange the working hours? Let’s get to know each other

　　01

　　Overall situation

　　The enrollment policy of compulsory education in Nanjing in 2023 is consistent with that in 2022, and the schedule has been fine-tuned according to the work requirements.

　　In 2023, the enrollment of compulsory education in Nanjing still adheres to three principles:

　　First, adhere to localized management. City Education Bureau is responsible for formulating the implementation opinions of compulsory education enrollment in the city; Based on this, the Education Bureaus of all districts are responsible for formulating the implementation plan of compulsory education enrollment in this district and organizing enrollment. After the education administrative department of each district announces the implementation plan and detailed rules for compulsory education enrollment in this district, the compulsory education schools in the relevant districts can start the enrollment work, and it is strictly forbidden to carry out enrollment violations such as reception consultation, information registration, receiving resumes and issuing brochures in advance.

　　The second is to insist on admission without examination. All compulsory education schools must strictly abide by the "Compulsory Education Law" exemption from entrance examination, and may not enroll students by written examination, interview (talk), evaluation, etc., and it is strictly forbidden to use all kinds of competition certificates, competition results or grading certificates as the basis for enrollment. Public schools take registration or written notice of admission. If the number of applicants in private schools exceeds the number of enrollment plans, all applicants will be randomly assigned by computer; If the number of applicants does not exceed the number of enrollment plans, they will be admitted at one time.

　　The third is to adhere to the principle of fairness. We will fully implement the Compulsory Education Law, the Law on the Protection of Minors and other laws and regulations to effectively protect the right of every school-age child to receive compulsory education. Strengthen the legal responsibility of the government, and do a good job in controlling dropout and protecting education according to law; Do a good job in the enrollment and service guarantee of left-behind children and adolescents, children and adolescents with special needs, students with financial difficulties in their families, and disabled children and adolescents. Adhere to public schools and make overall arrangements to ensure that eligible children can receive compulsory education in the inflow areas.

　　02

　　Work reminder

　　Start time of enrollment:

　　From May 10th.The Education Bureaus of all districts will announce the implementation plan and detailed rules of compulsory education enrollment in this district one after another, and clarify the enrollment methods, registration requirements, work schedule and teaching area of compulsory education schools in this district. Relevant information can be found on the government website of the Education Bureaus of all districts.From May 18th.All compulsory education schools will disclose information about enrollment through different channels, such as the school website, WeChat WeChat official account and posting.

　　Hot school computer allocation:

　　Continue to implement the computer allocation method for vacant places in hot public schools. Students with household registration in this city who need to participate in computer random allocation should fill in the allocation volunteers according to their own household registration and school enrollment scope. Young students can choose up to two private primary schools and hot-spot public primary schools to register, while junior students can choose up to two private junior high schools, hot-spot public junior high schools and Nanjing Foreign Language School to register. Continue to implement the computer random allocation policy of "twins (multiple births) binding".

　　Balanced placement of compulsory education:

　　Strict implementation of compulsory education schools balanced placement requirements, adhere to the sunshine placement, it is strictly forbidden to set up key classes, fast and slow classes and experimental classes, and it is not allowed to divide fast and slow classes in disguised form in the form of layered classes. Schools in all districts should do a good job in student registration and management in strict accordance with the regulations on student status management, timely input student information into the national primary and secondary school student status information management system, strengthen the examination of new student status registration, and ensure that the enrollment plan, admission list, student status registration and actual school attendance are consistent. Schools in all districts are not allowed to handle the registration and transfer procedures for students enrolled in violation of regulations and students transferred in violation of regulations.

　　Enrollment of junior middle school in Nanjing Foreign Language School;

　　The enrollment policy of junior middle school in Nanjing Foreign Languages School remained stable. According to the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing Foreign Languages School only conducts language proficiency assessment for junior middle school enrollment, and the assessment content is strictly based on the primary school curriculum standards, and the Municipal Education Bureau organizes experts to review and check. Please pay attention to the official website of the school and the official WeChat for the specific enrollment policy.

　　03

　　job requirement

　　Full implementation of "sunshine enrollment"

　　The education administrative departments of all districts shall announce the implementation plan and detailed rules for compulsory education enrollment to the public through government websites and other channels within the specified time; Schools should disclose relevant information about enrollment in a timely manner through various channels.

　　Adhere to the implementation of the "eight prohibitions"

　　According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education and provincial offices, the enrollment of compulsory education in Nanjing in 2023 still adheres to the requirements of "eight prohibitions":

　　● It is strictly forbidden to enroll students in advance, unplanned enrollment, over-planned enrollment, "pinching" enrollment, and illegal cross-regional enrollment;

　　● It is strictly forbidden for private schools run by public schools to recruit students in the name of public schools;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to mix enrollment between schools and transfer illegally after enrollment;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to organize or jointly organize various examinations with social training institutions for the purpose of selecting students, or use the examination results organized by social training institutions as the basis for enrollment;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to compete for students by means of high material rewards, free tuition fees and false propaganda;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to recruit students who have been admitted to other schools;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to recruit students on loan, separate their nationality, and hang up their school status;

　　● It is strictly forbidden to charge school selection fees, sponsorship fees linked to enrollment and tuition fees across semesters.

　　04

　　time management

　　6 May (Saturday)

　　The Municipal Education Bureau issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Compulsory Education Enrollment in 2023.

　　From May 10th (Wednesday)

　　The education administrative departments of all districts announced the implementation plan of compulsory education enrollment.

　　May 17th (Wednesday)

　　The education administrative departments of all districts shall complete the examination and filing of admission materials for public and private schools in the region.

　　From May 18th (Thursday)

　　Public schools issue admission notices, and private schools issue enrollment brochures to clarify matters related to enrollment and registration.

　　19 -20 May (Friday-Saturday)

　　Primary school graduates who study in different regions will return to the designated place of the Education Bureau of the district where their household registration is located to register.

　　May 27th-28th (Saturday-Sunday)

　　Private consistent schools solicit the willingness of primary school graduates to go straight to junior high school, and the student guardians go through the relevant formalities and sign for confirmation.

　　Urban public primary schools organize primary school freshmen to register on the spot, and other districts can refer to the implementation.

　　May 31 (Wednesday)

　　Education bureaus in all districts announced the computer random allocation plan for private schools and hot public schools.

　　June 3 -4 (Saturday-Sunday)

　　Primary school graduates fill in computer allocation volunteers.

　　June 10th-11th (Saturday-Sunday)

　　Primary school freshmen fill in computer allocation volunteers.

　　June 24th (Saturday)

　　Randomly assign computers to private schools, hot public schools and Nanjing Foreign Language School simultaneously, and publish the results.

　　June 25th (Sunday)

　　City Education Bureau opens online inquiry of computer allocation results.

　　July 1st (Saturday)

　　Nanjing Foreign Language School organizes language proficiency assessment.

　　From June 25th to July 5th.

　　Students who have been randomly assigned by computer or passed the language proficiency assessment of Nanjing Foreign Languages School and their guardians will go to the relevant schools to go through the admission confirmation procedures on the spot. The deadline is 17:00 on July 5.

　　Before August 10th.

　　Public and private schools issue admission notices (or publish the list of new students) to complete the enrollment work.

　　Questions and Answers on Enrollment of Compulsory Education in the City in 2023

　　1. What is the main spirit of the city’s compulsory education enrollment policy this year?

　　This year, the city’s compulsory education enrollment policy will remain stable, continue to implement the relevant requirements of the Ministry of Education and the Provincial Department of Education on enrollment work, consolidate the achievements of enrollment reform such as "citizens recruit the same way" and "admission without examination", further standardize the enrollment order, promote educational equity, maintain a good educational ecology, boost the "double reduction" of compulsory education and standardize the development of private compulsory education.

　　2. How to carry out compulsory education enrollment in Nanjing this year?

　　Nanjing compulsory education enrollment work implements localized management. City Education Bureau is responsible for formulating the implementation opinions of compulsory education enrollment in the city; The District Education Bureau is responsible for formulating the implementation plan and detailed rules for the enrollment of compulsory education in this district, and organizing the enrollment; Primary schools and junior high schools carry out enrollment-related work in accordance with the requirements of the exemption admission policy. After the implementation plan of the District Education Bureau is announced, the compulsory education schools in the relevant districts can start the enrollment work.

　　3. How to inquire about the enrollment policies of compulsory education in all districts and schools?

　　From May 10th, the Education Bureaus of all districts will announce the implementation plan and detailed rules of compulsory education enrollment in their respective districts, and clarify the enrollment methods, registration requirements, work schedules and teaching areas of compulsory education schools in their respective districts. Relevant information can be found on the government affairs websites of the Education Bureaus of all districts. From May 18th, all compulsory education schools will make public information about enrollment through the school website, WeChat WeChat official account and posting.

　　4. What are the conditions for school-age children and adolescents with household registration in this city to enter schools in teaching areas?

　　Public schools implement registration, and the conditions for school-age children and adolescents to register in schools in teaching areas are as follows: they should have a household registration in the teaching area, and their household registration should be in the same household registration as their parents (or their legal guardians) in principle, and the household registration should be consistent with their actual permanent residence and property certificate (property certificate refers to the house ownership certificate, and the holder is the legal guardian of school-age children and adolescents), as well as other requirements.

　　In addition to the above conditions, those who meet the following conditions can also register in schools in the teaching area: (1) Children and adolescents are registered with their parents (or their legal guardians) and live in the teaching area, while the other is an active soldier who does not work in Nanjing, works in other places, works in agriculture or settles abroad; Parents divorced, their children’s household registration with the legal guardian, and live in the teaching area. (2) Both parents are active servicemen who do not work in Nanjing or experts and technicians who are sent abroad to work, and their children have separate accounts or live with their grandparents in the teaching area.

　　5. What are the age requirements for entering the first grade of primary school this year?

　　According to the relevant regulations of our province, children must be at least 6 years old to enter primary school, and children born between September 1, 2016 and August 31, 2017 should be enrolled this year. If school-age children in Nanjing need to delay their enrollment due to physical condition and other reasons, their parents or other guardians shall apply and provide medical records or other valid materials issued by medical institutions at or above the second level, which shall be approved by the education administrative department of the district where the household registration is located.

　　6. What materials should I bring for the registration of new students in registered primary schools in this city?

　　School-age children and their parents (or their legal guardians) register at the designated place of the District Education Bureau, and bring their parents (or their legal guardians) and school-age children’s household registration book, house property right certificate and other relevant documents (certificates).

　　7. Why does Xiaoshengchu need primary school registration information?

　　The student status information of primary school graduates is an important basis for the registration of freshmen. The student status information usually includes the student’s name, ID number, the name of the primary school, etc. The relevant information provided at the time of enrollment should be consistent with the primary school registration card to ensure that the student information at the time of junior high school registration can correspond to the student information at the primary school. Primary school graduates studying in Nanjing from other places also need to provide accurate information about their school status, otherwise they will not be able to register for junior high school in Nanjing.

　　8. How to participate in computer random allocation?

　　Students who are interested in studying in private schools, hot public schools with computer allocation plans, and Nanjing Foreign Languages School can register for computer random allocation at designated places in each district if they meet the requirements of the district where they are registered. Computer random allocation of volunteers must comply with the relevant provisions of my household registration and school enrollment scope. Students from junior high school to junior high school can choose at most two private primary schools and hot public primary schools to register, while students from junior high school can choose at most two private junior high schools, hot public junior high schools and Nanjing Foreign Language School to register.

　　After registration, if students are randomly assigned by computer (when the number of applicants is less than the number of enrollment plans, the enrolled students are regarded as assigned), they need to go to the school site to confirm during June 25th-July 5th, and complete the relevant follow-up procedures. The deadline is 17:00 on July 5th. Those who fail to confirm at the site after the deadline are deemed to have given up. If you are assigned by two schools at the same time, you need to clearly choose one of them.

　　Parents can voluntarily apply for "binding twins (multiple births)" when their twins (multiple births) children participate in computer random allocation registration. If you are bound to participate in computer allocation, the twins will be assigned as one number and will be assigned at the same time or not; If parents do not apply, twins (multiple births) children will participate in computer allocation separately like other ordinary students.

　　9. How does the school randomly assign students through the computer?

　　If the number of applicants participating in computer random allocation in private schools exceeds the number of enrollment plans, all applicants will be admitted by computer random allocation; If the number of applicants does not exceed the number of enrollment plans, they will be admitted at one time. When the enrollment plan of junior middle school in private consistent schools is less than the number of students directly needed by their primary schools, they will only be admitted by computer random allocation; If there is still a surplus after ensuring the direct demand of primary schools and the excess places are less than the number of applicants, they should also be admitted by computer random allocation.

　　If the number of applicants in hot public schools with computer allocation plans exceeds the number of published computer allocation plans, all applicants will be randomly allocated by computer; If the number of applicants does not exceed the number of computer allocation plans announced, they will be admitted at one time.

　　10. Can I go back to the school in the teaching area if I am not assigned to participate in computer random allocation?

　　Those who participate in the registration but are not randomly assigned by the computer or choose to give up after being assigned, shall be enrolled by the education administrative department of the district in accordance with the policies of the district. Students who are sent by computer and confirmed to be admitted to the sending school shall not be admitted to other schools again, nor shall they return to public schools in the teaching area.

　　11. Is computer random allocation organized and implemented by the education administrative department or the school?

　　Computer random allocation is organized and implemented by the higher education department of the school in accordance with the unified operating rules formulated by the whole city. No matter private or public schools are allowed to organize computer random allocation by themselves. The computer random allocation process must be attended by a notary public, and the whole process is subject to public supervision, and the allocation results are announced to the public in real time.

　　12. How does Nanjing Foreign Language School recruit students this year?

　　According to the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Education, foreign language specialized schools with the qualification of recommended students in colleges and universities determined by the Ministry of Education can conduct language tests. In 2023, the enrollment of junior middle school students in Nanjing Foreign Languages School was only conducted with language proficiency assessment. The assessment content was strictly based on the primary school curriculum standards, and the Municipal Education Bureau organized experts to review and check. If the number of applicants exceeds 8 times of the enrollment plan, the list of students participating in the language proficiency assessment will be determined by computer random allocation. Nanjing Foreign Languages School has formulated specific enrollment brochures, which will be announced to the public after being examined and approved by the Municipal Education Bureau.

　　13. How do school-age disabled children and adolescents enter school?

　　There are 15 special education schools in Nanjing, which are blind, deaf and mentally retarded. Nanjing School for the Blind recruits students with visual impairment for the whole city, Nanjing School for the Deaf recruits students with hearing impairment for the whole city, and special education schools in all districts recruit children with disabilities (except children with visual impairment and hearing impairment) for their own districts. The placement of disabled children and adolescents in school follows the principle of "integration of general school and Pute". Compulsory education ordinary schools shall not refuse school-age disabled children and adolescents who have been identified by the education diagnosis and evaluation of special education expert committees in various districts and can receive general education to study in regular classes or return to school after suspension from school. Government departments and parents should effectively protect the right of school-age disabled children and adolescents to receive compulsory education. For children and adolescents with disabilities who cannot go to school for physical reasons, the education administrative department should provide them with home-schooling or distance education according to their needs, and bring them into the school roll management.

　　14. Who are the policy care targets for compulsory education enrollment?

　　In the process of compulsory education enrollment, give appropriate care to the children of the following objects: martyrs; Soldiers who died in the line of duty, active servicemen in counties (cities), desert areas and remote areas designated by the state and special, first and second-class island troops designated by the army; Police heroes and policemen who died or were disabled in the line of duty; National model workers, qualified high-level talents and outstanding returned overseas students, and people who have made important contributions to Nanjing’s economic and social development. Children who meet the requirements of the national comprehensive fire rescue team shall be implemented in accordance with the spirit of relevant documents. The care policy is equally applicable to public schools and private schools.

　　15. How to ensure the balanced placement of compulsory education schools?

　　This year, we will continue to promote balanced placement in the city and promote educational equity. The school strictly balances teachers, students and educational resources after freshmen enter school. Adhere to the sunshine placement, strict and balanced placement, it is strictly forbidden to set up key classes, fast and slow classes and experimental classes, and it is not allowed to divide fast and slow classes in disguised form in the form of layered walking. The municipal and district education administrative departments will strengthen supervision and urge schools to scientifically formulate placement plans as required, and allocate students and teachers in a balanced manner; The placement process must actively accept the supervision of professional ethics supervisors, responsible inspectors, discipline inspection departments, parents and media representatives to ensure standardized procedures and transparent operation; Publicize the placement plan, placement results, teacher team, etc. according to the specified time, so as to be fair, just and open.

　　(Source: Nanjing Education Publishing)

　　Cctv newsRecently, the Department of Basic Education of the Ministry of Education introduced the operation and application of the national smart education platform for primary and secondary schools.

　　The Ministry of Education revised and upgraded the "National Smart Education Platform for Primary and Secondary Schools" on the basis of the original "National Network Cloud Platform for Primary and Secondary Schools", which was put into trial operation on March 1 and has been officially launched. Since the trial operation of the platform, it has effectively supported the "double reduction" work and the "suspension of classes during the epidemic".

　　Construction of platform resources

　　Based on the original two resource sections of thematic education and curriculum teaching, the platform has added four new sections, including after-school service, teacher training, family education and practical experience in teaching reform, with a total of 36 secondary columns. The total amount of existing resources reached 28,052, with 17,300 new resources, an increase of 1.6 times. Among them, the course teaching resources of the platform are currently online with 19,508 class hours of 19 editions and 452 textbooks; A number of important professional websites, such as China National Museum, China Digital Science and Technology Museum, National Public Culture Cloud, People’s Daily Youth Network, Digital Dunhuang, Peking University Archaeology and Art Museum, and Tsinghua University Science Museum, are also linked.

　　The platform has a wide range of resources, focusing on improving students’ comprehensive quality and promoting the all-round development and healthy growth of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. It has specially set up columns such as party history study, patriotism, moral education, popular science education, ecological civilization, physical exercise, culture and art, and labor education. Efforts have been made to support major tasks such as "double reduction" and epidemic prevention and control, and special sections have been set up for homework, after-school service, subject training, "double reduction" experience and epidemic prevention knowledge, life and safety, mental health, and psychological assistance hotlines have also been provided; Efforts should be made to realize the whole process of educating people in and out of class. There are not only all curriculum learning resources of all disciplines and grades covering multiple textbook versions, but also rich resources of after-school activities, research practice, film and television education, classic reading, family education and so on.

　　Operation and application of the platform

　　Since the trial operation of the platform, the average daily browsing has been rising. From March 1 to March 25, the total number of views reached 720 million, with an average daily view of more than 28.88 million, an increase of 40 times compared with the same period of last year, and the highest daily view reached 64.33 million; Platform users not only cover all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China, but also users from more than 180 countries and regions have used the platform resources.

　　Since March 14th, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 has occurred in many places, and primary and secondary schools in some areas have made full use of this platform to ensure "no classes to stop studying". The overall daily average number of visitors to the platform has increased from about 12.91 million in the first two weeks of March to more than 46.19 million in the second two weeks, with the increase of more than 6.5 times in Liaoning, Jilin, Fujian, Shandong and other provinces with serious epidemics, effectively serving the overall situation of epidemic prevention and control and "no classes to stop studying".

　　After the release of the central "double reduction" document in July 2021, the number of platform views and visitors showed a high surge. By the end of February this year, the average daily page views of the former national primary and secondary school network cloud platform reached 21.04 million, 17 times higher than that before the release of the "double reduction" document. After the trial operation of the platform upgrade and revision on March 1 this year, the average daily page views further increased, 24 times higher than before the "double reduction". The resources provided by the platform, such as course teaching, homework design, after-school service and teacher training, have been highly concerned and widely used by teachers and students, especially effectively helping to solve the problem of "where to study and what to learn" after students do not participate in off-campus training, further helping the school to "double reduction" work.