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The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the modernization of military theory, military organization, military personnel and weapons and equipment should be promoted in an all-round way. The first position of the modernization of military theory in the "four modernizations" has been clarified, which has given our army a new connotation of the times and injected a strong impetus into the research and innovation of military theory. Analyzing the background of the modernization of military theory and clearly grasping its main characteristics and development trend will help us deepen the research and exploration of the modernization of military theory and vigorously promote the modernization of national defense and the army.

The background of modernization of military theory

To study the laws and characteristics of modernization of military theory, we should first analyze the background and requirements of modernization of military theory.

Judging from the development track of contemporary international military theory, the modernization of military theory is accompanied by the changes of strategic environment, military technology and war form. After World War II, with the formation of the Cold War pattern, superpowers sought nuclear hegemony, nuclear balance and nuclear deterrence, resulting in a military theory of nuclear deterrence based on "balance of terror". With the outbreak of the Middle East War and the Iran-Iraq War, local war has become a new form of war, and the theory of limited war and special war represents new achievements in the modernization of military theory. In the late 20th century, the fourth military revolution, represented by information technology, rose, and the information-based war stepped onto the historical stage. The war theory in the information age became the new theme of modern military theory.

In recent years, with the rapid development and application of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence, the war form has been accelerated to information and intelligence. In this context, the space, field and dimension of military activities are expanding day by day, which is more closely related to politics, economy, culture and law. In particular, the requirements of systematization, quantification and engineering of military theory are getting higher and higher. Military theory is becoming a comprehensive theory that permeates many disciplines such as social science, natural science and technical science, which objectively requires the internal development of military theory to be more systematic and scientific.

To this end, this paper tries to define the modernization of military theory as follows: using the outstanding achievements in politics, military affairs, science and technology, education, management and culture created by the contemporary world, through innovation, the country’s understanding and knowledge system of national defense and army building will reach the contemporary advanced level, leading the development of military organizational form, military personnel and weapons and equipment modernization level and its process. This definition mainly includes four meanings: first, the modernization of military theory is the goal to be achieved and the development process; Second, the soul of modernization of military theory is innovation; Third, to realize the modernization of military theory, we should make extensive use of the achievements of contemporary advanced civilization; Fourthly, the leading position and role of modernization of military theory in the modernization of the army are clarified.

Main characteristics of modernization of military theory

The magnificent military practice in contemporary times has bred fertile ground for the modernization of military theory, and the theoretical exploration of a hundred schools of thought has constructed the magnificent content of modern military theory system. From the interaction between theory and practice, we can preliminarily see the main characteristics of modernization of military theory.

The advance of thinking. The advance of thinking has the logical driving force of anticipating and opening up ideas in concept discovery, concept construction and system design, which reflects the core requirements of military theoretical innovation and embodies the distinctive indicators of military theoretical modernization. Judging from the innovative practice of contemporary military theory, military reform is not only a leap in military technology, the upgrading of weapons and equipment, but more importantly, the forward-looking driving and leading of thinking. The characteristics of advanced thinking are as follows: strong crisis concept, with the mission of defending national sovereignty and national security interests, judging the international strategic environment situation, grasping the overall situation of military threats, and planning the future military needs forward-looking; Foresight and insight, profoundly grasp the laws and characteristics of modern warfare, predict the future war form, combat style and military technology development direction, and seize the thinking highland of "winning first and then seeking war"; Bravely transcend ideas, break through traditional thinking habits and stereotypes, establish systematic thinking, data thinking and algorithm thinking, explore new concepts of operations, design new winning mechanisms, and form a new path to enhance combat effectiveness.

The integrity of the system. Military theory is a systematic rational understanding and knowledge system of military issues. The integrity of its system and the systematization of its content are its inherent and inevitable requirements, and it also constitutes one of the main characteristics of the modernization of military theory. For example, Russia pays close attention to the systematicness of military theory, and successively published two editions of Military Theory of the Russian Federation in 2010 and 2014, which constitute a complete military theory system of the Russian army in the 21st century. Over the years, our army has actively constructed a systematic and complete military theory. According to the second edition of China Military Encyclopedia, our army has formed a military theoretical system consisting of 15 knowledge categories, including military thought, political work, military logistics and military equipment. With the progress of science and technology and the development of war practice, the scope of military theory will continue to expand, and the content will be more perfect and systematic.

The innovation of the method. Engels pointed out that the old methods cannot be used to achieve new results in military art. Only by creating new and more powerful means can we achieve new and greater results. Therefore, we should pay attention to relying on the application of new methods and means to greatly improve the efficiency and scientificity of military theoretical research. At the beginning of the 20th century, Lanchester, an Englishman, used the method of mathematical analysis to study combat problems for the first time, which initiated the quantitative analysis of military theory research. In World War II, the military operational research based on weapon effectiveness analysis brought the military theoretical research into the modern scientific level. At present, with the development of emerging technologies, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence will provide more innovative means and methods for military theoretical research. We should pay attention to promoting military theoretical research more scientifically and efficiently with these new methods.

The popularization of the results. Contemporary military theory is full of strong activity and practicality, and it has become the development direction of military theory modernization to apply the latest theoretical achievements to combat operations, equipment construction, military training and college education as soon as possible. The way for foreign troops to reach a consensus is to speed up the generation of combat effectiveness, quickly "materialize" new achievements in military theory into military regulations and planning plans, and promote the transformation and application of achievements at multiple levels and in multiple fields. According to the process of "operational concept-capability requirement-technical support", the military theory will be transformed into equipment documents to plan the future development of weapons and equipment; According to the new requirements of the combat mission and task in the new military theory and the combat capability of the troops, the structure of the combat forces of the troops is adjusted and the system establishment is optimized; Standardize military theory into operational rules and training programs to guide military training and college teaching; Through the combat laboratory, the evolution of new military theory is refined into operational scenarios and operational plans, which are applied to combat operations.

Development trend of modernization of military theory

In the 21st century, with the in-depth development of military reform, countries all over the world attach great importance to the leading role of military theory on the basis of strengthening the role of military technology in promoting the modernization of the army. They have adjusted their military strategies in light of their own development reality and put forward new military ideas and theories, which have continuously injected vitality into the development of military equipment, the establishment system of the army and the training of military personnel, and accelerated the modernization process of military theory, showing new characteristics and trends of the times.

Design war: a new space for the modernization of military theory. The emergence of new technology groups with network technology, combat simulation technology and artificial intelligence technology as the core has produced advanced combat experiment theories and methods, opened up new ideas and new fields for military theoretical research, provided conditions and possibilities for military theoretical research reform, and designed wars are becoming a reality. Through the combat laboratory, we can not only test the adaptability and operability of the existing military theories, but also verify the rationality and effectiveness of the operational regulations, evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the operational plan, and more importantly, design future wars. With the help of the experimental environment of approximate actual combat, a new operational concept is put forward, and the confrontation is simulated repeatedly, resulting in a virtual battle example, and a new operational theory is deduced and refined. In fact, the effect of these laboratories in war simulation has also been fully confirmed. Looking at several important local wars in the 20th century, all of them were simulated in the laboratory first, and then carried out operations, which realized that "the war started in the laboratory" and showed the new direction of modernization of military theory.

Integration of science and technology: opening up a new mission of military theory modernization. With the development of information warfare practice and the emergence of intelligent warfare, the trend of interaction and integration between military theory and science and technology is becoming more and more obvious. First of all, the development of military theory leads the way and provides power for military technology. New operational concepts and theories of western military powers emerge one after another, which breeds a series of new military demands and stimulates new functions and indicators of military technology development. Secondly, the innovation and breakthrough of military technology gave birth to new operational theories. Nuclear technology produces the theory of nuclear shock and awe, guidance technology produces the theory of precision strike, and information technology produces the theory of information warfare. At present, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence technologies are developing rapidly, and intelligent wars are coming to us. Thirdly, the penetration, intersection and synthesis of military theory and military technology are deepening day by day. In the process of the development of military theory and technology to detailed professional classification, the integration of military theory and other sciences is further highlighted, and a huge and systematic military science system is constructed.

Combining research with war: consolidating the foundation of modernization of military theory. Only when military theory is rooted in the fertile soil of military practice can it fully stimulate vitality and maintain vigorous vitality. On the one hand, we attach importance to the test of military theory in actual combat. After the baptism of the Syrian-Israeli Bekaa Valley War, the British Amama War and the Gulf War, the theory of electronic warfare has evolved into a brand-new information warfare theory. On the other hand, strengthen military theory to be tested in experiments. In the process of the formation of the "Rapid Decisive Combat Theory" of the US military, the concept of "Future Joint Combat Concept" was first formulated by the Joint Forces Command, and then three versions of the "Rapid Decisive Combat Concept" document were formed by the simulation experiment of the future joint laboratory, which was successfully applied to the Iraq war.

Open communication: opening the international vision of modernization of military theory. Modern military activities have increasingly crossed national boundaries, and military diplomacy has become more and more frequent. On the one hand, the development of military theory requires not only strengthening the exchanges between services and arms, but also facing the society, actively opening to the society, deepening the exchanges between the military and the land, and absorbing and making full use of the achievements in social science, natural science and engineering technology in time. The foreign military attaches great importance to the support and training of non-governmental advisory bodies, and many major military theoretical studies have been undertaken by them, which has brought about important military benefits. On the other hand, the development of military theory should face the world, learn from others’ strengths and make up for their own shortcomings, which has become the consensus of all countries to strengthen the modernization of military theory. Through international military art conference, international military exercises, joint peacekeeping operations, military visits and other activities, we can directly or indirectly grasp the theoretical direction of foreign troops, improve the starting point of theoretical research, and promote the development of military theory to the world and the future.

(Author: Naval Research Institute)

The revised "Measures for the Administration of Express Delivery Market" will be implemented on March 1st.

The Ministry of Transport announced the newly revised Measures for the Administration of Express Delivery Market, which will take effect on March 1, 2024. The revised Measures focus on seven aspects: strengthening the regulation of express service behavior, strengthening the management requirements of market order, and strictly regulating the express waybill and code number. Among them, it is stipulated that the express mail should be guaranteed to be safe, to prevent the express mail from being lost, damaged and short of internal parts, and not to throw or trample on the express mail; Without the user’s consent, it is not allowed to confirm the receipt of the express mail, and it is not allowed to deliver the express mail to the intelligent express box, express service station and other express terminal service facilities without authorization.

> > Read in detail:

Measures for the Administration of Express Delivery Market (Order No.22, 2023 of the Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China)

The latest inspection standard for drunk driving will be implemented on March 1.

The national standard "Determination of ethanol, methanol, n-propanol, acetone, isopropanol and n-butanol in blood and urine" (GB/T 42430-2023) came into effect on March 1, 2024. The new test standard takes the test of alcohol content in blood as an example: drinking and driving is 0.20mg/mL, and the driver’s blood alcohol content is greater than or equal to 0.80mg/mL, which belongs to drunk driving. The linear range is 0.1mg/mL~3mg/mL. The national standard can be applied to poisoning, death inspection, medical emergency inspection, scientific research and other broader scenarios of five alcohol substances and acetone.

It is related to the production and management of special foods, and the new rules for the assessment of food safety management personnel will be implemented in March.

The General Administration of Market Supervision issued "Guidelines for Supervision and Inspection of Enterprise Food Safety Managers" and "Outline for Supervision and Inspection of Enterprise Food Safety Managers", which will take effect on March 1, 2024. It is further clarified that the main persons in charge of special food production and operation enterprises should master the important provisions of food safety laws, regulations, rules and standards related to special food production and operation, implement the provisions of enterprise main responsibility system, and the dynamic management mechanism based on risk prevention and control. Special foods include health foods, formula foods for special medical purposes and infant formula foods, which are related to the health and life safety of key groups such as "one old and one young".

Mutual visa exemption between China and Thailand will take effect in March.

China and Thailand sign visa exemption agreement in Bangkok, Thailand. The agreement came into force on March 1, 2024. After the agreement comes into effect, Chinese ordinary passport holders, ordinary passport holders and Thai ordinary passport holders can enter the other country without a visa for a single stay of no more than 30 days (no more than 90 days for every 180 days). Those who enter the other country for work, study, news reporting, settlement and other activities that require prior approval and intend to stay in the other country for more than 30 days must complete the corresponding visa before entering the other country.

> > Read in detail:

Mutual visa exemption between China and Thailand will take effect in March.

The detailed rules for the implementation of the newly revised invoice management measures shall come into force on March 1.

State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China promulgated the Decision on Amending the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Measures for the Administration of Invoices in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (Order No.56 of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China), which will take effect on March 1, 2024. The main contents of the revision are as follows: First, clarify the basic management regulations of electronic invoices, emphasizing that "electronic invoices have the same legal effect as paper invoices, and no unit or individual may refuse them"; The second is to increase the provisions on the safety management of invoice data, making it clear that "tax authorities can extract, transfer, consult and copy invoice data during invoice inspection"; The third is to refine the identification of invoice violations; The fourth is to link up with the current laws and regulations; The fifth is to improve the regulations on printing, collecting and issuing invoices.

There are new regulations on preventing and investigating the registration of counterfeit enterprises, which will be implemented on March 15th.

The General Administration of Market Supervision issued the Provisions on Preventing and Investigating Illegal Registration of Counterfeit Enterprises, which was officially implemented on March 15, 2024. The "Regulations" clarify that both natural persons and enterprises as investors need to cooperate with the registration authority for identity verification; The "Regulations" propose that if an enterprise is registered by submitting false materials or concealing important facts by other fraudulent means, the registration authority shall order it to make corrections according to law, confiscate the illegal income and impose a fine. The person directly responsible shall not apply for enterprise registration again within 3 years, and shall be included in the list of serious violations of law and dishonesty in market supervision and management.

> > Read in detail:

The General Administration of Market Supervision issued the Provisions on Preventing and Investigating Illegal Registration of Counterfeit Enterprises.

The Ministry of Finance revised and promulgated the Measures for the National Unified Examination of Certified Public Accountants.

The Ministry of Finance promulgated the Decision on Amending the Measures for the National Unified Examination of Certified Public Accountants, which will take effect on March 1, 2024. The "Decision" has been amended by two articles. First, improve the examination review system and increase the provision that "the results after review are the final results". The second is to improve the confidentiality system of the examination, and the relevant provisions are amended as "The examination questions, reference answers and grading standards before the opening of the national unified examination for certified public accountants are managed according to state secrets".

From March 6th, Xi ‘an and Qingdao can issue "individual travel endorsements" to and from Hong Kong and Macao.

Recently, the State Council approved the increase of Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province and Qingdao, Shandong Province as "individual travel" cities for the mainland to Hong Kong and Macao. The Exit-Entry Administration of People’s Republic of China (PRC) has decided to issue "individual travel endorsements" to and from Hong Kong and Macao for qualified personnel in Xi ‘an and Qingdao from March 6, 2024. Resident and residence permit holders in Xi ‘an and Qingdao can submit their applications at the artificial window of exit-entry management of public security organs in Xi ‘an and Qingdao, or the intelligent endorsement equipment located at the artificial window, and they can choose to apply for "individual travel endorsement" or "group travel endorsement" by themselves, without submitting application materials.

> > Read in detail:

Announcement on Issuing "Personal Travel Endorsement" to and from Hong Kong and Macao in Xi ‘an City, Shaanxi Province and Qingdao City, Shandong Province

The "Regulations on the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Archives Law" will come into force on March 1.

The Regulations on the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Archives Law shall come into force on March 1, 2024. The "Regulations" focus on the following contents: First, improve the working mechanism of archives. Strengthen the responsibilities of people’s governments at or above the county level, and add provisions on the responsibilities of archives work of township people’s governments. The second is to standardize the management of file collection. Clarify the filing responsibility and transfer responsibility, and require the archives to collect files in accordance with relevant state regulations, and consider the rarity of files and the importance of contents. The third is to improve the file storage system. The fourth is to refine the open utilization measures. It is stipulated that the National Archives should establish a collaborative mechanism for the open audit of archives, and require the archives authorities at or above the county level to strengthen the overall coordination of the open audit of archives.

> > Read in detail:

Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Implementation of Archives Law

The State Council’s Decision on Amending the Regulations on the Management of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer came into effect on March 1.

The Decision of the State Council on Amending the Regulations on the Management of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer shall come into force on March 1, 2024. The "Regulations" focus on the docking with international conventions, improving the management measures of ozone-depleting substances, and strengthening legal responsibilities to determine the revised content. Define ozone-depleting substances as "chemicals listed in the list of controlled ozone-depleting substances in China", and no longer retain the restrictive expression of "damaging the ozone layer" in order to include hydrofluorocarbons in the controlled list; It is stipulated that units that produce and use a large amount of ozone-depleting substances and produce a large amount of ozone-depleting substances in the production process shall install automatic monitoring equipment, which shall be networked with the monitoring equipment of the competent department of ecological environment, and ensure the normal operation of the monitoring equipment and the authenticity and accuracy of the monitoring data.

> > Read in detail:

Decision of the State Council on Amending the Regulations on the Administration of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

The Provisions on Fine Punishment of Production Safety Accidents will come into effect on March 1st.

The Emergency Management Department issued the Regulations on Fine and Punishment for Production Safety Accidents, which will take effect on March 1, 2024. The main contents of the "Regulations" are as follows: First, improve the benchmark of the discretionary power of accident fine punishment to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and reasonably divide the amount of fines for general accidents, major accidents, major accidents and particularly serious accidents into three orders; Second, according to the practice, the determination of serious illegal circumstances is standardized according to law, and it is clear that six kinds of monitoring, alarm, protection and life-saving equipment that are directly related to production safety can be fined according to the amount of fines of more than two times and less than five times. The third is to adjust and clarify the relevant fine amount according to the law.

The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council implements classified supervision and management of the safety production of central enterprises, which will take effect on March 1.

The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council issued the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Work Safety of Central Enterprises, which will take effect on March 1, 2024. The "Measures" clarify that the central enterprises are divided into three categories according to the main business and safety production risks approved by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council: enterprises engaged in coal and non-coal mining and construction are the first category; Enterprises whose main business is electronics and medicine (except chemical medicine) are the second category; Enterprises other than the above-mentioned first and second types of enterprises are the third type. The first type of central enterprises and the headquarters of central enterprise groups involved in mines should be equipped with full-time safety production directors, and enterprises with high safety risks should fully implement the full-time safety production director system. The "Measures" propose that central enterprises should strengthen the safety management of contractors, strictly access the qualification management, and unify contractors and labor dispatch personnel into the enterprise safety management system.

The state establishes and improves the market price mechanism of electric auxiliary services.

The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the Notice on Establishing and Improving the Market Price Mechanism of Electric Auxiliary Services, and decided to establish and improve the market price mechanism of electric auxiliary services at the national level. Relevant policies will be implemented as of March 1, 2024. The main contents include: first, optimize the transaction and price mechanism of auxiliary services such as peak shaving, frequency modulation and standby, make principled provisions on the transaction mechanism that affects the price formation of auxiliary services, and unify and clarify the pricing rules. The second is to standardize the price transmission of auxiliary services, clarify the cost of auxiliary services borne by users, and limit the losses caused by the failure to generate electricity due to the provision of auxiliary services that cannot be compensated in the electric energy market. The third is to strengthen policy support.

> > Read in detail:

Responsible comrades of the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration answered reporters’ questions on establishing and improving the market price mechanism of electric auxiliary services.

Promote the integration of complaint hotlines for industry and commerce, quality inspection, food and medicine, price supervision and intellectual property rights.
Five complaint hotlines will be unified this year.

The State Administration of Market Supervision recently formulated and issued the Opinions on Integrating the 12315 Administrative Law Enforcement System to Better Serve the Market Supervision and Law Enforcement (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), explicitly requiring that the original five complaint reporting hotlines (12315, 12365, 12331, 12358, 12330) should be integrated before the end of December this year, and the 12315 hotline number should be uniformly used for market supervision at all levels in the country.

2019 is a transition period.　Initial unified complaint reporting entrance

After the establishment of the General Administration of Market Supervision, there are five complaint hotlines and platforms in the market supervision department, including the former Industrial and Commercial Bureau 12315, Quality Inspection Bureau 12365, Food and Drug Bureau 12331, Price Supervision Bureau 12358 and Intellectual Property Bureau 12330. How to speed up the integration of these complaint hotlines and platforms, and better smooth the channels of consumer complaints and reports, all sectors of society are very concerned about this. The General Administration of Market Supervision responded to consumers’ concerns in a timely manner, and the Opinions clarified the timetable and roadmap for the integration of the platform and hotline.

The overall goal of the Opinions is to basically establish a unified, authoritative and efficient 12315 administrative law enforcement system by the end of 2020. The integration and construction work is divided into two stages, with 2019 as the transition period, which mainly realizes "No.1 external, multi-line parallel, centralized answering, undertaking at all levels, and handling by departments according to their responsibilities"; Upgrade the national 12315 platform, initially unify the entrance of market supervision complaints and reports, and realize real-time collection and dynamic management of 12315 hotline data on the national 12315 platform. Before the end of this year, the market supervision departments at all levels in China will use the national 12315 platform to realize the centralized collection of omni-channel, full-service and whole-system complaints and reports. In 2020, relying on the national 12315 platform, a unified national 12315 administrative law enforcement system will be built, and the working mechanism of "No.1 external, centralized management, convenience and enterprise benefit, and efficient law enforcement" will be realized.

Make the hotline "hot"　Ensure that consumer complaints are available.

The Opinions clarified the main tasks of platform and hotline integration. The first is to unify the hotline number and realize the number one external. Provide market supervision complaint reporting service with a number of 12315. The second is to unify the operation platform and improve the functional modules. Gradually integrate the internet, wechat, mobile APP and other online complaint reporting channels set up by the former departments of industry and commerce, quality inspection, food and drug, price and intellectual property, and realize omni-channel, full-service and whole-system centralized collection of complaints and reports through the unified construction and operation of the national 12315 platform managed by the General Administration. The third is to unify the working mechanism and realize five-level penetration. The General Administration of Market Supervision defines the national 12315 platform management and data analysis institutions; The market supervision departments of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) define the 12315 command and data analysis work organization; The market supervision department of the city (prefecture, state, and alliance) clearly defines the 12315 command work organization; Counties (districts, cities) define 12315 working institutions; Grass-roots market supervision sub-bureau (institute) defines 12315 workstation. The fourth is to unify the system norms and optimize the working procedures. Integrate the original rules and regulations on complaints and reports of various departments, form a unified "Measures for Handling Complaints and Reports of Market Supervision" and relevant document models, and formulate the "Working Rules of 12315 Complaints and Reports Center". The fifth is unified analysis and judgment, and data security sharing. The General Administration of Market Supervision has formulated the business standards and data standards for market supervision complaints and reports, and made overall checks on the construction of the national 12315 information network. All localities carry out conversion and interconnection of information transferred from government service platforms or other units.Promote the collection of all data and information to the national 12315 platform. Sixth, unify performance evaluation and implement scientific evaluation. Establish and improve the 12315 performance evaluation system, and supervise and evaluate the hotline and platform services by combining internal assessment with external evaluation. The seventh is to strengthen business integration and form a joint effort. Strengthen the effective connection between complaint handling and law enforcement, emergency command and management, credit supervision and local government services, and promote the interconnection and data sharing between the national 12315 platform and other business systems of market supervision and the local government service hotline platform. Eight is to maintain brand characteristics and improve service efficiency. All localities are not allowed to transfer or entrust the 12315 complaint reporting registration and receiving function to other departments. Those that have been transferred should collect data according to the market supervision complaint reporting standards and collect them to the national 12315 platform in time. The market supervision department will take this hotline and platform integration as an opportunity to further smooth the channels for consumer complaints and reports, and effectively make the hotline "hot" to ensure that consumer complaints and reports "have everything in place and everything has an echo". (Reporter Lin Lizhen)

Original Ruan Guangfeng Ruan Guangfeng nutritionist

Image source freepik.com

Chicken is a kind of meat that we usually eat. Fried chicken, braised chicken, spicy chicken and boiled chicken are all delicious. Besides, chicken wings, chicken legs, chicken gizzards and chicken offal are all delicious.

Image source Weibo screenshot

Recently, however, Xiaoyu, who is not yet 8 years old in Hangzhou, felt breast swelling and pain. When she took a bath at night, she found that her breasts became bigger. Her family took Xiaoyu to the hospital for examination and was diagnosed with precocious puberty. The doctor said that he has also received many children with precocious puberty in these years, and the youngest is only 5 years old.

Image source Weibo screenshot

The doctor said that children like Xiaoyu should not eat foods containing hormones, especially chicken, in their daily diet, which will make their children prosperous and develop early.

Chicken is really a hormone, and eating it will lead to precocious puberty? Let’s talk about precocious puberty and diet today

01

What is precocious puberty?

Precocious puberty (PP) refers to that boys have secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 9, girls have secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8, or girls have menstruation before the age of 10 [1].

According to the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, precocious puberty can be divided into true precocious puberty and false precocious puberty [2].

True precocious puberty, that is, central precocious puberty (CPP), also known as gonadotropin-releasing hormone-dependent precocious puberty, means that the hypothalamus secretes and releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in advance, which activates the pituitary gland to secrete gonadotropin, causes the development of internal and external genitalia and secondary sexual characteristics until the reproductive system matures.

Pseudo-precocious puberty, that is, peripheral precocious puberty, also known as non-gonadotropin-releasing hormone-dependent precocious puberty, refers to the increase of sex steroids to puberty level caused by gonadal tumors, adrenal cortical hyperplasia or other reasons.

Pseudo-precocious children show early secondary sexual characteristics, but they do not have reproductive ability.

Image source freepik.com

02

What causes can lead to precocious puberty?

The causes of precocious puberty are very complicated, which may be the result of the joint action of many factors. Including genetic factors, diseases, obesity and environmental factors [3]:

1. Genetic factors

Genetic factors are one of the important causes of precocious puberty. At present, it has been confirmed that the mutation of some genes will lead to precocious puberty. Gene polymorphism is also closely related to the onset of puberty, and some loci polymorphism will affect the transcription or expression of genes and the function of gene products. In addition, some hereditary diseases may lead to precocious puberty.

2. Illness

Aside from genetic factors, the main causes of precocious puberty are various diseases.

For example, the most common cause of central precocious puberty is organic diseases of the central nervous system, such as hypothalamic and pituitary tumors or other central nervous system diseases [4]. Some guidelines for diagnosis and treatment also clearly point out that central precocious puberty must be diagnosed, and special attention should be paid to excluding organic CPP caused by nervous system abnormalities and secondary diseases.

Image source [5]

The main causes of pseudoprecocious puberty are also some diseases. For example, hereditary ovarian dysfunction, benign ovarian occupying lesions such as autonomic ovarian cysts, estrogen-secreting adrenal cortical tumors or ovarian tumors, and ectopic human chorionic gonadotropin-secreting tumors may lead to precocious puberty in girls; Congenital adrenal hyperplasia), adrenal cortical tumor or testicular interstitial cell tumor, ectopic HCG secretion tumor, estrogen-producing adrenal cortical tumor or testicular tumor are easy to cause precocious puberty in boys.

Image source [6]

3. Exogenous hormones/environmental interference

Taking a large amount of estrogen, hormone-like substances and endocrine disruptors in the environment, such as phthalate esters, polychlorinated biphenyls and bisphenol A [7], as well as some pesticides and heavy metals, may also lead to precocious puberty in children.

Image source freepik.com

4. Obesity

More and more evidence shows that childhood obesity increases the risk of puberty precocious puberty, and the risk of girls is significantly higher than that of boys [8].

As you can see, the main cause of precocious puberty is actually some diseases-related reasons. Therefore, the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty suggest that if children really have precocious puberty, they should first check whether there are diseases and other effects.

03

Food can lead to precocious puberty?

In fact, ordinary food and diet are not directly related to precocious puberty.

But as I said before, obesity will increase the risk of precocious puberty [9]. Therefore, the food and diet that can easily lead to obesity have something to do with precocious puberty.

For example, children’s living conditions are much better now than before. They often eat fried food, often drink sweet drinks, and seldom exercise … These are all easy to lead to overweight and obesity, which will increase the risk of precocious puberty from the side.

To say that it has a certain impact, supplements and health care products count as one. Nowadays, many parents will give their children supplements and health care products, such as those that grow taller and promote growth. Hormones are often added to these supplements, which will lead to precocious puberty.

Image source freepik.com

04

Chicken is full of hormones, which leads to precocious puberty?

The argument that chicken leads to precocious puberty has been widely circulated. The main reason is that chickens now grow fast and come out in 40 days. They are all fast-growing chickens with hormones, which will lead to precocious puberty.

In fact, this statement is completely unwarranted.

The fast-growing chicken we are talking about now belongs to the "fast-growing white feather chicken" [10]. Its rapid growth is the result of improved variety breeding and scientific feeding, and has nothing to do with hormones [11].

This kind of chicken has a high feed conversion rate. It grows fast and is big, and now they eat better feed. These feeds are not just mixed with corn flour and diced Chinese cabbage. They are similar to the "nutritious meals" we often hear now. They are all made by scientific combination of raw materials selection, ingredient ratio, production technology and feeding scheme. Therefore, it can be released in about 40 days now, and the weight can reach 2-3 kg [12].

You can see that from 1957 to 2005, the breeding of chickens has changed [13]

We often see on the Internet and TV that the problem of exposing chickens is actually the abuse of "antibiotics" and has nothing to do with "hormones". If you really take hormones, the health of chickens will be bad, and hormones are quite expensive.

Generally speaking, there are no more hormones in chicken. Precocious puberty really has nothing to do with eating chicken. At present, there is no evidence and case that chicken or other meat may cause precocious puberty in the world, and there is no treatment guide for precocious puberty that says you can’t eat chicken. Moreover, chicken is white meat that is usually said in nutrition. In fact, it is quite good for health, so you don’t have to worry about eating it normally.

However, if you always fry chicken and add a lot of oil when eating chicken, it will lead to too much energy and increase the risk of obesity, so it is wrong to eat it.

Image source freepik.com

05

How to prevent precocity?

Diet is mainly to prevent obesity, while avoiding accidentally eating hormones. From the perspective of diet and life, it is suggested that:

1. Improve eating habits and prevent overweight and obesity.

More and more evidence shows that childhood obesity increases the risk of precocious puberty, and the risk of girls is significantly higher than that of boys. Parents are advised to help their children improve their eating habits from an early age, develop good eating habits, reduce the intake of high-calorie, fried, high-oil and high-sugar foods, such as eating less fried foods and drinking less sugary drinks, and increasing the variety of foods to help control weight.

Specific to chicken, try to eat less chicken cooked by fried chicken, braised chicken, spicy chicken and other cooking methods, which is oily and high in energy, and boiled and steamed chicken is better; When eating chicken, give priority to chicken breast, which has less fat and can better prevent obesity.

2. Increase physical exercise and physical activity.

This is actually to prevent obesity. By increasing energy consumption, let children do outdoor activities every day instead of always staying at home.

3. Don’t eat supplements and health foods indiscriminately.

There is no need to worry about the hormones in normal food itself. However, many so-called supplements and health products may have added exogenous hormones, which may easily increase the risk of precocious puberty. As long as children eat normally and pay attention to balanced nutrition, most health care products and supplements are unnecessary.

References:

[1] Tan Qian, Huang Lu, Yang Jieping. Research on the emotional situation and influence factors of children’s early sexual maturity [J]. Frontier of Medicine and Medicine, 2020,10(27):8-10.

[2] Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty (for Trial Implementation) [Wei Ban Yi Zheng Fa (195)No. ][J]. China Journal of Child Health, 2011, 19 (4): 390-392.

[3] Sun Yanyan, Yu Jian. Research progress on the etiology of precocious puberty [J]. journal of applied clinical pediatrics Journal, 2011,26(20):1599-1601.

[4] Liang Liyang, Li Fangping. Diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty [J]. Drug Evaluation, 2016,13(03):27-31.

[5] Endocrine Genetics and Metabolism Group of Pediatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Consensus on diagnosis and treatment of central precocious puberty [J]. Chinese Journal of Pediatrics, 2015, 53(6): 412-418.

[6] Chen Ruimin. Research progress on the etiology of peripheral precocious puberty [J]. journal of applied clinical pediatrics Journal, 2012,27(20):1545-1547.

[7] Jing Xu. Study on the correlation between precocious puberty in children and lifestyle and family factors [D]. Zhejiang: Hangzhou Normal University, 2017.

[8] Puberty Group of Women’s Health Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association. Consensus on diagnosis and treatment of female precocious puberty [J]. chinese journal of woman and child health research, 2018,29(2):135-138.

You Xiaomeng, Shan Chuan, Shen Xiuhua. Research progress of childhood obesity and precocious puberty [J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Edition), 2012,32(7):949-951.

[10] Boya. Fast-growing broilers will still be the leading variety of broiler production in China [J]. Agricultural Knowledge (Scientific Breeding), 2013,(9):16-16.

[11] AARON Li, Du Zhiqiang, Wang Shouzhi, et al. The past, present and future of white feather broiler breeding [J]. China Poultry, 2016,38(19):1-8.

[12] Gao Lin, Bai Zijin. On the technical system of healthy and ecological breeding of fast and large white feather broilers [J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University (Social Science Edition), 2015,17(2):213-218.

[13] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/03/12/our-insatiable-appetite-for-cheap-white-meat-is-making-chickens-unrecognizable/.

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Wen Zi Pu Yingwei

Views: Hu Xiaoyu, He Posheng

The flood is merciless, and people are affectionate.

In the face of disaster

Scenes of moving moments are constantly staged.

▲ Video: A reserve artillery regiment stationed in Ningbo fights against "fireworks"

Since the flood disaster broke out in Yuyao City due to the influence of typhoon "fireworks", all members of the anti-Taiwan standby detachment of a reserve artillery regiment stationed in Ningbo have gone into battle, made all-out efforts to attack the storm and sprinted at full speed, always putting people’s lives and property safety first.

▲ Transfer the affected people

"Time is too precious to sleep."

Since the regiment entered the anti-Taiwan standby service on July 24, a figure has been shuttling between the vehicles on duty. He is the former pre-appointed officer of the regiment, Huang Zhongyue (click to view the pre-appointed officer, Master Huang).

▲ Lao Huang is repairing the vehicle.

Lao Huang is a skilled auto repairman, who has successively obtained junior, middle and senior technician certificates in the auto repair industry. Because of his age, he has already retired from the reserve team, but serving in the army has become his habit and persistence.

As long as the team needs it, Lao Huang will do his best and work hard. Hearing the news that the old troops participated in the anti-Taiwan disaster relief mission, Lao Huang came to help repair the vehicle without saying anything.

Although the transport vehicles and tractors distributed by the group are all old equipment, Lao Huang took the repairman for careful maintenance and careful protection, which ensured that the rescue and relief forces set off for Yuyao at the first time, and there was no "squatting nest" in the whole process.

From 26th to 27th, at the request of Ningbo’s finger prevention department, the regiment sent a number of transport teams to deliver relief materials. Lao Huang accompanied the security throughout the journey, and eliminated the vehicle failures in time. After two days, he almost didn’t rest, ensuring that the transport teams successfully delivered 34 rubber boats, 1,000 emergency lights, 18 sets of lifting lights, 1 mobile signal tower, 10 barrels of gasoline and other materials to the disaster-stricken areas, and delivered mineral water and eight barrels to more than 200 stranded villagers.

Lao Huang said: "Time is too precious for emergency rescue and disaster relief. Many brothers and I didn’t dare to close our eyes for fear of delaying the rescue progress."

▲ Handling relief supplies

"I believe in the People’s Liberation Army"

Dongqiao Town, Haishu District is one of the most severely affected areas. On the afternoon of July 26th, Ma Zhenfeng, the chief of oil transportation who was in charge of transporting materials to Dongqiao Town, met an "persistent" old lady who wanted to go home and get something, but because the village was flooded by the river, she was afraid to rush into the village alone.

Some people offered to send the old lady home, but they were all rejected: "I want the PLA to send her, and I believe them." Ma Zhenfeng, who was on the side, immediately arranged a transport vehicle to escort the old man to and from home to pick up things.

When the officers and men left, the old man kept praising others: "The PLA is good, they are reassuring."

▲ Video: Escort the old lady with a transport vehicle

The people’s trust in the People’s Liberation Army is not only the genes that have been inherited from the revolutionary years, but also the inheritance of the soldiers who have not changed their minds. After several days of fighting, the officers and men of the regiment went to the village to inspect the trapped people carefully, and transferred more than 30 trapped people nervously and orderly. The most common sentence heard by the people was, "You are here, we are more confident!"

On July 27, a sick aunt was trapped in Yaodong Village, Sanqi Town, Yuyao City, and her wife slowly transported her out of her home with a big white bucket. The officers and men who were in the rescue immediately went to the rescue after seeing it. After more than an hour of hard work, they successfully escorted the aunt to the hospital.

▲ Transfer the affected people

▲ Pumping and drainage for areas with serious water accumulation.

"Everyone is a soldier at the scene of emergency rescue and disaster relief."

At about 16 o’clock on the afternoon of July 26th, due to continuous heavy rainfall and long-term high water level immersion, there was a danger in the dam of Hemudu Town, Yuyao City, and the river was flowing backwards. After the danger appeared, 40 officers and men who had just arrived in Hemudu Town rushed to help, filling sandbags and strengthening the dam for more than 200 meters overnight. The next day, after a short break, the officers and men moved to Nijiapu Village to continue filling sandbags.

When Xu Xueli, director of the artillery department of the division, went to Hemudu Town to investigate the danger and guide the disaster relief operation, he saw that the officers and men were not afraid of fatigue and continued to fight, and opened their arms and joined the ranks of sandbags. ……

▲ Video: Loading sandbags

A pre-appointed soldier at the scene said with emotion: "No matter the captain or the colonel, we are all a warrior who dares to fight and fight in the front line of disaster relief!" Just last night, when his company commander Qin Wan was patrolling the dike, he found piping and was the first to jump into the water to eliminate the danger. This scene deeply touched him.

After two and a half days of continuous fighting, the officers and men of the regiment accumulated more than 10,500 sandbags, blocked four piping in time, and built a safety barrier for the masses.

▲ Before the teacher, he introduced the rescue and disaster relief situation to Commander Sha Zhongming of Ningbo Military Division.

▲ Reinforce the riverbank

▲ legs that have been sunburned.

Coincidentally, an exceptionally diligent "pre-soldier" caught the attention of the political commissar of the regiment at the scene of organizing the killing of eight severely affected villages in Hemudu Town. It turned out that it was Han Yinyu, Minister of the People’s Armed Forces of Hemudu Town, who hung the rank of pre-soldier. After taking off the mask, Minister Han said, "Seeing that the brothers are working so hard, I will also give a hand. Everyone is a fighter for emergency rescue and disaster relief!"

▲ Officers and men are preparing for disinfection.

▲ Minister Han of Hemudu Town People’s Armed Forces Department is organizing the killing.

"To the loveliest person"

A military and civilian family, fish and water are deep. On the afternoon of July 27, the officers and men of the regiment returned to the campsite after transporting relief supplies. Just after taking a break, they heard someone outside the door ask, "Excuse me, is this the army that participated in the disaster relief?" After being confirmed, the man immediately directed his companions to move all the fruits in the car into the dormitory of the officers and men.

▲ Lu Hongbo expressed condolences to the rescue and relief officers and soldiers.

It was learned that Lu Hongbo, the general manager of Ningbo Meijiang Trading Co., Ltd., who had been the general agent of the "Ten Cities and Hundred Stores" project in Zhejiang Province, came to express condolences to the officers and men. When he learned that the officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army were in Yuyao for emergency rescue and disaster relief, Lu Hongbo personally drove to Sanqi Town and asked all the way to find the camp of the officers and men.

"Although we don’t know each other, you are not afraid of being dirty and tired, and you really help us people! My fruit is for you, the most lovely people! " Lu Hongbo said.

The people’s army loves the people and the people’s army loves the people.

The army and the people work together to overcome the difficulties!

Original title: "Direct hit! Those touching moments at the scene of emergency rescue and disaster relief "

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　　　　　　 Editor’s press

　

　　　　　　 In recent years, the "small but beautiful" new economic format has become popular. By providing on-site service, consumers have more choices. In-depth Weekly interviewed three practitioners from different industries, including mobile coffee shop owners in Jinan late at night, masseurs who grabbed orders in the county town, and private tutors who came to teach yoga to pregnant women. Their common feature is that they are on the road, making the service flow.

　

　　　　　　 At about three o’clock in the afternoon in downtown Yucheng, Texas, 39-year-old Zhang Mei hurried into the pedicure shop.

　　　　　　 Zhang Mei is a mother of two children and a member of the "Mobile Masseur" in Yucheng District. She ran around the streets of the city, grabbing the bill with one pair of hands. When she walked into the store, due to the large temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, Zhang Mei’s glasses were covered with mist. First, she took off her helmet, and untied the scarf around her neck and hung it on the hanger, confirming the service items with customers, and bringing a wooden basin filled with hot water to soak her feet for customers …

　　　　　　 ◎ Text/Figure Shandong Business Daily Su Bao News Network reporter Zheng Yinan Jin Lihong from Yucheng, Dezhou

　

　

Zhang Mei rode an electric car to the next pedicure shop.

　

　　　　　　 > > into the business

　

　　　　　　 When I first met Zhang Mei, her long hair was tied behind her head, and the position where the hair rope was tied was deformed by the helmet, which seemed a bit messy. It was freezing outside, and the air conditioner was turned on indoors. As soon as Zhang Mei entered the room, it was foggy. She took off her glasses and smiled a little. "I went back to my hometown in town to visit relatives this year, and I just came back to Yucheng to live."

　　　　　　 Zhang Mei’s hometown is rural, more than ten kilometers away from Yucheng City. After she left her relatives, she rode an electric car back to the city, and when she got to the city, she "grabbed" the list. The reason why Zhang Mei is called a "mobile masseur" is that she has not signed a labor contract with the pedicure shop, and when the pedicure shop has a job, she will send a message in the group, and she and her peers in the group "grab the bill".

　　　　　　 In Yucheng, a small county town, mobile masseurs are not uncommon. They have several fixed group chats with the owner of the pedicure shop. If the pedicure shop has a job, it will "shake people" in the group, and whoever grabs it will be the one. Several married women from the same village as Zhang Mei are all in this line of work.

　　　　　　 After waking up at six o’clock in the morning, Zhang Mei always goes through some "chaos": making breakfast, washing and dressing her daughter, sending her to school after her daughter has a good meal, and returning home to clean up the toys that her daughter put everywhere the day before … This whole set of "actions" is already at ten o’clock in the morning, and then she can lie down and brush her mobile phone and wait for the "order".

　　　　　　 Zhang Mei is a 39-year-old mother of two children. Her eldest daughter is in junior high school and her youngest daughter is in primary school. Since the birth of her youngest daughter, Zhang Mei has quit her regular job in an electronics factory to take care of the children at home. It was not until her daughter went to kindergarten that she had time to find a part-time subsidized home.

　　　　　　 Although her husband is working outside and her two daughters are not at home during the day, Zhang Mei has little time to spend on her own. In order to make a living, she wandered around different foot massage shops and got a "share" after her efforts.

　　　　　　 "I have considered a lot of jobs, but few have free time and high wages, so I choose to do this business." Zhang Mei said frankly that the first few years after giving birth seemed to be divorced from society, and there were many maladjustments when he returned to society. She once tried to work as a restaurant waiter and workshop worker, but these jobs have fixed requirements on time, and Zhang Mei needs to cook for her children in the morning and evening, so she doesn’t have enough time to work. On the other hand, "the salary is too low to reach the level she wants."

　

　　　　　　 > > grab the order

　

　　　　　　 Zhang Mei finally chose to engage in the pedicure technician industry. "After studying as an apprentice in the store for a while, you can’ grab the job’ in the order group." Zhang Mei introduced that there are roughly 100 foot massage shops in Yucheng, of which more than 50 are concentrated in Yucheng Mall area. "There is a group chat of more than 100 people in the mall, in which there are mobile masseurs besides merchants." Other stores are scattered in the streets and alleys of Yucheng City, taking the streets as "camps", and several businesses have jointly formed many small groups. "After the guests come to the store, the merchants will ask if there are technicians nearby in the group. We won’t know how much it is until we receive the order, but no matter how much, I am willing to do it. Earning more and earning less is better than being idle."

　　　　　　 Zhang Mei told reporters that mobile masseurs and stores are divided into 50-50 according to the final consumption of customers. "For example, if the final consumption of customers is 88 yuan, the store will give me 44 yuan." The reporter saw in a store where Zhang Mei worked that 88 yuan’s consumption included pedicure, head treatment and back massage.

　　　　　　 On the afternoon of December 29th, 2021, Zhang Mei hurried back from his hometown after leaving relatives, and received the first order of the day before he arrived in Yucheng. An hour later, she got 44 yuan’s income. Later, Zhang Mei received a new order. She rode an electric car to another massage shop not far away. Compared with the previous order, this order included an ear-picking project, but the project time was similar, and the final consumption of customers was 138 yuan. For more than two hours, Zhang Mei earned more than 100 yuan. There is no new list in the group for the time being. She sat on the sofa of the foot massage shop and rubbed her shoulders, while inquiring about the other party’s income today. "Everyone’s income is good recently. During the Chinese New Year, I can earn more money than usual, and people who work in other places are back."

　　　　　　 After visiting a number of stores, the reporter found that the charging standards of foot massage shops in Yucheng are similar, ranging from 50 yuan to 60 yuan to 300 yuan depending on the time and service items. Zhang Mei admits that he can earn about 200 to 300 yuan a day, and even if he has something to rest for a few days in the middle, he can get a reward of 6,000 yuan or more.

　

　　　　　　 > > flow

　

　　　　　　 Yucheng Mall, located in the main urban area of Yucheng, is the main gathering place of foot massage shops, and there are probably more than 50 large and small foot massage shops. These doors are almost the same size and similar pattern. Almost all of them have a double sofa and a coffee table with a price list against the wall.

　　　　　　 At two or three o’clock in the afternoon, pedestrians hurried by, and there were no guests in the store. Someone covered a blanket and lay on the sofa to close their eyes. The owner of the pedicure shop said that the pedicure technicians in the shop are divided into two types: mobile technicians and fixed technicians, and the "share" of fixed technicians is higher than that of mobile technicians. After nine o’clock in the evening, the number of guests in the pedicure shops on both sides of the street in the mall increased. The reporter walked into one of the shops. There are five fixed technicians and eight rooms in this shop. Each room is different in size. The largest room can accommodate eight beds, and all the rooms can receive dozens of guests at the same time.

　　　　　　 Li Yue, a 33-year-old fixed technician who has worked in this store for a long time, told reporters that she can get 60% of the customer’s consumption price and earn more than 10,000 yuan a month. "I probably serve five or six customers every day, but my salary in this business is not high." When it comes to mobile pedicure technicians, Li Yue said that there is not much competition between mobile technicians and fixed technicians. "There are too many pedicure shops in the mall. In some shops, there is only one boss. When guests come, they will find technicians in the group. Technicians who are closer will go to the store to earn this money." In Li Yue’s view, mobile technicians are not as high as fixed technicians, but they are free. "I go to work at two or three o’clock every afternoon, and I have to stay in the store until two o’clock in the evening even if there are no guests, but the mobile technicians can take orders if they want to take orders, and they can go home and rest if they don’t want to stay up late."

　

　　　　　　 > > daily

　

　　　　　　 Li Yue’s foot massage shop charges ranging from 108 yuan to 388 yuan. Li Yue told reporters that he is 33 years old and lives in Linyi. He has been in Yucheng for nearly two years. During the chat, the reporter learned that Li Yue has a ten-year-old son who goes to school in his hometown. "My son was sent to the nursery by me when he was two years old. I didn’t want to be a housewife, so I went out to find a job and stayed in a company that trained pedicure technicians for two years. After learning, I worked in pedicure shops in Jining and Jinan. This is my eighth year as a pedicure technician."

　　　　　　 For eight years, Li Yue went home every three months. "Every time I go back, I will buy a lot of things for my children. I can’t accompany my children during this trip, so I can only make up for it with gifts." Li Yue said that he tried other jobs in the middle, but there was a wage gap. "It’s not easy to find other jobs after working in this business for a long time." Li Yue admits that although the salary of a pedicure masseur is high, he still feels wronged when he meets a guest who has drunk alcohol. "But if you think about what to do without being wronged, everything is worth it."

　　　　　　 Li Yue’s working hours are from 3 pm to 2 am the next day. "Even if there are no customers at night, you have to stay up until two o’clock to go back to the dormitory to sleep. If there are guests all the time, sometimes you will stay up until dawn." Li Yue told reporters that the foot massage shop in the mall will arrange accommodation and lunch and dinner for regular employees. "Breakfast is not important because we are all sleeping at that time.". Li Yue went back to the dormitory to wash after work. She would brush her mobile phone for a while before going to bed. She was used to the black-and-white schedule.

　　　　　　 After staying up for several nights in a row, Li Yue will give himself a day off to go shopping. "My current salary is enough to buy what I want, which is why I have been doing this business." Li Yue sighed, "I didn’t earn enough money to work in a factory. I’m used to this kind of life now, and I don’t have to ask my family for money if I want to buy something. It’s good."

　　　　　　 At one o’clock in the morning, there are still neon lights flashing in the streets, and Zhang Mei and Li Yue are running for their lives.

　　　　　　 (At the request of the interviewee, Zhang Mei and Li Yue are both pseudonyms.)

　

Xu Dazhe, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Director of the National Space Administration

　　Cctv news(Reporter Guo Cheng) In March this year, with the approval of the Central Committee and the approval of the State Council, April 24th every year will be designated as "China Aerospace Day" from 2016. The theme of the first "China Aerospace Day" was "Chinese Dream and Space Dream". On the afternoon of April 22nd, at the press conference held by the State Council Information Office, Xu Dazhe, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and Director of the National Space Administration, introduced the first "China Aerospace Day" and China’s space development to the media.

　　Space shuttle flies farther and farther, and space technology is getting closer and closer to our life. Xu Dazhe said that the aerospace industry is indeed a high-input industry. However, it has great social and economic benefits and plays a great role in cultivating talents. For example, behind the weather forecast, navigation and positioning, satellites are helping.

　　Xu Dazhe said that the 13th Five-Year Plan is a period of strategic opportunities for China’s space development. From now on, it will take five to seven years to complete the existing major scientific and technological projects such as manned space flight, lunar exploration project, Beidou navigation and high-resolution earth observation system; Around 2025, the national civil space infrastructure will be built in an all-round way to promote the large-scale, operational and industrialized development of spatial information applications; In 2030, it achieved an overall leap and became one of the space powers.

　　"China Aerospace will demonstrate and implement new major aerospace projects and projects, strengthen strategic emerging aerospace industries and cultivate ‘ Internet plus Satellite Applications ’ The new format has achieved a number of original achievements in space science and promoted the construction of aerospace legislation and aerospace laws and regulations. " Xu Dazhe said.

　　Xu Dazhe introduced that there are nearly 150 satellites in orbit in China at present. Remote sensing satellites, represented by high scores, clouds, oceans and resources, have been widely used in agriculture, forestry, land, surveying and mapping and other fields. Communication satellites have formed a stable and efficient commercial operation mode, and navigation and positioning satellites have entered the industrial development track.

　　Since its establishment in 1956, China’s space industry has gone through a glorious course of 60 years.

　　Over the past 60 years, generations of astronauts have made unremitting efforts and continued to struggle, embarked on an independent and innovative space development path with China characteristics, established a complete supporting space scientific research and production system and an effective system engineering management system, created a team of high-quality and skilled talents, accumulated profound and broad space spirit and culture, created a series of brilliant achievements represented by "two bombs and one satellite", manned space flight and lunar exploration project, and realized space technology and space application.

　　In order to fully display the achievements of space, vigorously carry forward the space spirit, scientifically popularize space knowledge, stimulate the enthusiasm for exploration and innovation, and condense the power to realize the Chinese dream and space dream.

　　The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and the National Space Administration, together with relevant departments, have carefully planned a series of activities of "China Aerospace Day".

　　The annual standing activities include "China Aerospace Day" forum, symposium, space open day, space science lecture hall, space science popularization on campus, science popularization exhibition, national exchange and discussion, etc. This year is the first "China Aerospace Day". With the theme of "Chinese Dream and Aerospace Dream", a series of activities will be held all over the country, including the symposium of academicians and experts, the first "China Aerospace Day" theme activity, "Nine Days of Moon-China Aerospace Day Popular Science Publicity Week", aerospace science lecture hall, aerospace open day and other activities.

　　CCTV News:Rabe’s Diary, which records the detailed evidence of the Japanese invaders’ massacre in Nanjing in 1937, has long been known to the world. Not long ago, john rabe’s descendants donated the original of Rabe’s Diary to the Central Archives of China. A few days ago, our reporter got permission to shoot this precious file exclusively.

　　Opening this yellowed paper, lines of German recorded the terrible massacre made by Japanese invaders in Nanjing from December 1937 to early 1938. This is the famous original of Rabe’s Diary.John rabe wrote in his diary: "There are corpses all over Zhongshan North Road. In front of the city gate, the corpses are piled up like hills … … Killing people everywhere. "

　　In December, 1937, john rabe, a German in China, and more than a dozen foreigners jointly initiated the establishment of Nanjing International Security Zone. In the extremely dangerous environment at that time, they provided temporary shelter for about 250,000 China refugees in the safe zone. Rabe recorded a lot of shocking facts with a unique identity and perspective, witnessed the heinous crimes committed by Japanese militarism in Nanjing, and showed a touching humanitarian spirit.

　　Wang Hongmin, Director of Foreign Affairs Office of National Archives Bureau"Rabe Diary is a very important supplement to the existing historical archives, a true record, and an international third-party record, which is a very important supplement in our historical materials."

　　Rabe’s Diary in Nanjing, that is, the enemy plane flies to Nanjing, consists of six volumes and eight books. A red cross armband used by john rabe, a No.1 pass permit in Nanjing, and a jade medal awarded by the National Government in recognition of john rabe’s outstanding contribution to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China. These precious historical materials brought back to Germany by Rabe after several battles have high archival value and cultural relics value.

　　Wang Hongmin, Director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the National Archives Bureau: "Nanjing Massacre archives were selected ‘ World memory ’ In the future, many people hope to learn more about the historical facts of the Nanjing Massacre. Therefore, Rabe’s diary entered the Central Archives of Tibet, which provided very important historical materials for our historians to further study this period of history. "

　　CCTV News:According to "Beijing Release" WeChat WeChat official account news, recently, affected by Typhoon Du Surui, Beijing suffered from heavy rainfall, and some areas such as Fangshan and Mentougou were seriously flooded. The Beijing Municipal Bureau of Market Supervision deployed at a high level, took precautions in advance and responded positively. In strict accordance with the relevant requirements of the General Administration of Market Supervision and the municipal party committee and government, it took measures such as strengthening early warning, in-depth investigation, promoting emergency repair, technical guidance and effective supervision to ensure the safety of elevators and other special equipment in flood season.

　　First, the first time, the General Administration of Market Supervision conducted communication and docking to determine relevant matters of assistance and guidance.

　　The elevators affected by the disaster and the pressure-bearing equipment stopped due to the disaster are mainly concentrated in Fangshan District and Mentougou District. The General Administration of Joint Market Supervision sent technical experts such as China Special Inspection Institute to provide technical guidance and services to Xishan Tianjing Community in Mentougou District, Mentougou District Hospital, Yurunfa Shopping Plaza, Fangshan Phoenix Pavilion Reserve Factory of Municipal Liquefied Petroleum Gas Company, Fangshan Hebei Town Compressed Natural Gas Supply Station of Municipal Gas Group, etc. At present, all the affected elevators in Chaoyang District and Haidian District have been repaired and restored. Most of the equipment in Dongcheng District, Shijingshan District, Shunyi District, Yanqing District, Yanshan District and Fangshan District has been repaired.

　　The second is to do a good job in early warning and emergency and equipment supervision and inspection.

　　Three consecutive high-level deployments before flood control required the regional bureau to do a good job in the safety of special equipment in extreme weather during rainstorm, ensuring full coverage of warning notices, with a total of 2,211 warning tips covering 31,100 times of relevant units, effectively compacting the main responsibility of enterprises. Strictly implement the 24-hour leadership duty and emergency duty system at the city, district and institute levels, and implement the "point-to-point" reporting mechanism for special equipment safety emergencies to ensure proper disposal in the first place in case of emergencies. At the same time, focusing on outdoor special equipment such as large amusement facilities, passenger ropeways, off-highway tourist sightseeing bus and elevators, focusing on crowded places such as transportation hubs, parks and scenic spots, shopping malls and supermarkets, strengthening safety supervision and inspection, and resolutely stopping the equipment that does not meet the requirements for safe operation. Since July 29, the city’s market supervision system has dispatched 2,216 law enforcement inspectors, inspected 1,106 production and use units of special equipment, found and disposed of 186 hidden dangers, and stopped using 4,692 sets of equipment, achieving the goal of "zero accidents" during extreme weather.

　　Next,Beijing Municipal Market Supervision BureauWill guide the regional bureau to stop using the city’s damageElevator and pressure-bearing equipmentCarry out in timeCheck and maintain, evaluate the safety status of equipment one by one,Ensure that the hidden dangers are eliminated and meet the safety requirements before it can be put into operation again. All districts and bureaus, sub-bureaus and special equipment production and use units are required to improve the early warning and prompt mechanism for extreme weather, establish targeted preventive measures for extreme weather, strengthen daily inspections, improve emergency response plans, and earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of special equipment safety.

We should vigorously carry forward the great anti-epidemic spirit in the whole society and turn it into a powerful force for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

-supreme leader

The global outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic is a historical test for the development of human civilization. Fighting against the epidemic is not only a struggle between material and technology, but also a confrontation between spirit and culture. In this arduous war of resistance, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core United and led the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to carry out a soul-stirring anti-epidemic war, and made great efforts, forming a great anti-epidemic spirit of life first, national unity, giving up one’s life and forgetting one’s death, respecting science and sharing a common destiny, and showing the grand and majestic atmosphere of China Spiritual Building in the new era.

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The great anti-epidemic spirit comes down in one continuous line with the long-term idiosyncratic endowment and cultural genes of the Chinese nation.

The virus came by surprise, and the epidemic was threatening. Wuhan was in a hurry! Hubei is in a hurry! The country is in a hurry! The CPC Central Committee decisively demanded that Hubei Province implement comprehensive and strict control over the outflow of personnel in a timely manner, and the whole city of Wuhan pressed the "pause button". Race against the time, compete with the disease, and launch an epidemic prevention and blocking war throughout the country.

White as armour, retrograde expedition. Medical personnel in Hubei Province and Wuhan City fought hand-to-hand with the virus and took the lead in launching an encounter war for epidemic prevention and control; 346 national medical teams and more than 40,000 medical staff resolutely went to the front line and embarked on a journey on the New Year’s Eve of family reunion. The starry night rushed to help, and the quartet responded. 19 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities help 16 cities and prefectures except Wuhan, and gather the best medical personnel and the most urgently needed emergency medical resources in the shortest time. Normal prevention and control, full mobilization, more than 4.6 million grass-roots party organizations in the forefront, more than 4 million community workers in the country’s 650,000 urban and rural communities on duty day and night … Countless sons and daughters of China retrograde, thousands of ordinary heroes come forward, all the people of China watch and help each other, protect their lives with their lives, and write a touching song of dedication, shining with a wisp of spiritual light that shakes the world.

The light in adversity, generate is the driving force of life; The road ahead shows a panoramic view of the spirit. When the epidemic raged around the world, the answer sheet handed over by China not only showed the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the strong advantages of the socialist system, but also showed the profound power of Chinese excellent culture.

On the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, on the high-speed train from Guangzhou to Wuhan, the photo of 84-year-old Academician Zhong Nanshan dozing in the back of his chair made people feel distressed and relieved. Zhang Boli, who guided the whole process of Chinese medicine intervention in COVID-19, Zhang Dingyu, who was suffering from gradual freezing, and Chen Wei, who rushed to Wuhan to carry out scientific research and prevention and control guidance tasks, have a common identity-Communist party member. In the sudden crisis and big exam of COVID-19 epidemic, they wrote the word "loyalty" on their respective answer sheets with blazing hearts.

Academician Li Lanjuan, 73, went to Wuhan at the first time and became the "anchor needle" in ICU ward. She insisted on going into the most dangerous "red zone" to make rounds, so as to enhance patients’ confidence in overcoming the disease in a face-to-face way. When the "impression photos" of her face flowed out on the Internet, many netizens burst into tears in an instant.

From the octogenarian academicians to the post-1995 nurses, from the police on duty to the sinking cadres, from the ordinary workers fighting in the front line of the construction site to the volunteers running in the rural communities, they shouted the oath of "no pay, no matter life or death" and shouldered a mountain of responsibilities with their weak bodies; With the responsibility of great love, we will unite the majestic power. It is not only a kind of inheritance, but also a kind of consciousness to be brave in taking responsibility.

The Chinese nation is a nation with great spirit. Chinese has always cherished the feelings of home and country, advocating that the world is for the public, self-denial and devotion to public duty, believing that "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", emphasizing mutual help and sharing weal and woe, advocating mutual help, respecting the elderly and caring for the young, and stressing the unity of freedom and self-discipline, rights and responsibilities. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the 1.4 billion people in China have shown a high sense of responsibility, self-discipline, dedication and friendly feelings, creating a strong spiritual defense line of unity and unity, creating another heroic feat in the history of human struggle against disease. This precious cultural spirit will burst out irresistibly and incisively at the critical moment, which is manifested in our feelings and courage to cope with the test and condensed into our confidence and confidence in cultivating new opportunities in the crisis and opening up new opportunities in the changing situation.

The great national spirit and excellent traditional culture are tempered and accumulated by the Chinese nation in the historical practice of fighting against heaven and earth and creating vitality. The great anti-epidemic spirit is another spiritual "diamond" in the spiritual pedigree of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese nation. It not only inspired the people of China to achieve great strategic achievements in fighting the COVID-19 epidemic, but also became a cultural highlight shining on the starry sky of human civilization history.

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The great anti-epidemic spirit shows the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s consistent people’s feelings.

COVID-19 epidemic is the most serious epidemic of infectious diseases in the world in the past century, and it is a major public health emergency with the fastest spread, the widest infection range and the most difficult prevention and control in China since the founding of New China. The great anti-epidemic spirit formed in the anti-epidemic struggle has fully demonstrated the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s ruling philosophy of putting people first and life first and his feelings for the people, fully stimulated the blending and sublimation of patriotism, collectivism and socialist spirit in the new era, and greatly enriched the cultural spirit of contemporary China.

Fighting the epidemic is a charge led by pioneers. "I’m party member, I’ll go first" has become the loudest slogan in the anti-epidemic battlefield. Countless party member, as pioneers, took the lead, braved difficulties and entered, and became the most reliable backbone of the people when the wind and rain hit. Party flag, who is holding high, has always been flying in the front line of anti-epidemic, inspiring hope, gathering people’s hearts and inspiring strength.

"As party member, you must rush ahead." Deng Tiantian, ICU nurse of Yichang Second People’s Hospital, volunteered to join two colleagues and rushed to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for support before New Year’s Eve.

On the afternoon of the opening of Huoshenshan Hospital, Zhang Zhenglin, the on-site executive manager of the project, led 128 workers to solemnly swear under party flag: "Give play to party member’s exemplary leading role, shoulder the heavy responsibility bravely, and ensure that the task is completed with good quality and quantity!" In the process of construction, the machines were not enough, and party member commandos lifted the box-type board houses with their shoulders; When the air duct connection in the negative pressure ward was loose, party member rushed up and risked infection to repair the air duct …

The initial mission is not shouted out, but the real knife and gun. Cheng Yuanzhou, a "reporter" in the health system of Hubei Branch of People’s Daily, has written hundreds of public reports in more than two months since the start of Wuhan Defence War. He said: "I feel that fighting the epidemic is like an unforgettable real party class, which has brightened the initial heart of a party newspaper reporter and a Communist party member."

Where is the most dangerous, where is the hardest, where is the most needed, there is the vast number of party member fighting hard. According to statistics, there are 39.144 million party member and cadres engaged in epidemic prevention and control in the front line of anti-epidemic, including 29.771 million in party member, accounting for 76.1%. There are 23.698 million volunteers participating in epidemic prevention and control in China, including 13.262 million in party member, accounting for 56.0%. Among the 43,000 medical teams assisting Hubei, 24,000 are from party member, accounting for 56.1%. Among them, 396 party member and cadres died (sacrificed) in the line of fighting the epidemic.

Through the long river of history, it is not difficult for us to find painful memories of foreign invasion, warlord separatist regime and people’s misery, and it is not difficult to find disaster memories such as floods, droughts, earthquakes and plagues. Since its birth, our Party has taken serving the people wholeheartedly as its fundamental purpose, taken building the Party for the public and governing for the people as its ruling philosophy, and put the initial mission of seeking happiness for the people of China and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation in mind and put it into action. The people’s position is the fundamental position of communist party, and it is a remarkable sign that Marxist political parties are different from other political parties. It has become the cultural gene of communist party and has been passed down and carried forward continuously.

To die for the people in wartime, to live for the people in peacetime, and to maintain the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the people forever are the winning genes and cultural codes for our party to calmly cope with various complex situations and risk challenges. The great anti-epidemic spirit is a vivid portrayal of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s cultural spirit of serving the people wholeheartedly and relying on the people closely, which will surely be engraved in the depths of history and shine for generations to come!

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The great anti-epidemic spirit promotes the new creation of the cultural spirit of the Chinese nation.

The life-and-death struggle against the disease and the race against the epidemic have brought us hardships and great tests, and also promoted the maturity of the national governance system and governance capacity, tempered the minds and bones of the people of China, and promoted the new creation of the cultural spirit of the Chinese nation, making it new and more dynamic.

Engels said: "There is no historical disaster that is not compensated by historical progress." The history of human war "epidemic" contains medical progress, scientific and technological development and cultural prosperity. Growing up in tribulation, rising from tribulation and making progress in tribulation are typical characteristics of Chinese spiritual culture. The great anti-epidemic struggle not only whetted the spirit of China, but also enriched the culture of the times and greatly expanded the era connotation of the national cultural spirit.

This new creation is reflected in people’s more confidence in the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. The achievements of civilization are reflected by the advantages of the system, and the self-confidence of culture is stimulated by the manifestation of good governance. In the face of the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, the whole country is United as one, vividly interpreting the "China temperature" of "one party is in trouble and all parties support", witnessing the "China speed" of the construction of Huoshenshan Hospital, and innovating the "China plan" of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment. The strong leadership and strong mobilization ability of the Party, the strict prevention and control system with the participation of the whole people, the transparent and responsible sunshine prevention and control according to law, and the advantages of playing a game of chess all over the country, mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties and concentrating on doing great things are the confidence and strength of Chinese people to overcome the epidemic. Some well-known scholars in the West have also seen this. martin jacques, a senior researcher at Cambridge University, said: "This may be a historic moment for people all over the world to see the advantages of the China system."

This new creation is reflected in the people’s more recognition of respecting science. Science itself is a cultural form, a knowledge system, rational thinking and value norms accumulated by people in the process of understanding and transforming the world. In the face of new infectious diseases unknown before, people have personally felt the "hard core" supporting role of science and technology. The wide application of big data and artificial intelligence technology in epidemic detection and early warning, traceability tracking, differentiated prevention and control, scientific and technological innovations in data sharing, vaccine research and development, medical treatment and resource allocation, and the all-round penetration of people’s living security have made China take the lead in the world in anti-epidemic. Academician Chen Wei, the winner of the national honorary title of "People’s Hero", flew to Wuhan on the second day of the New Year’s Day to tackle key problems in the fire line, which greatly shortened the time for nucleic acid detection and accelerated the diagnosis, and led the team to make a major breakthrough in vaccine development, greatly boosting people’s confidence in overcoming the epidemic.

This new creation is reflected in the people’s more conscious of perfecting their own personality. To educate people, culture is also a process of humanization. Whether it’s medical workers in the front line or grassroots cadres and volunteers fighting in the rear, the profound love tradition of "guarding a city with responsibility", the optimistic spirit of "I’ll kill COVID-19 and enjoy cherry blossoms with you" and the high self-discipline consciousness of "staying at home is to contribute" are the keys to winning the battle against the epidemic. The Chinese nation has always had the spirit of struggle without fear of hardships, sacrifice and selfless dedication. It has always had the lofty spirit of being strong and unyielding, independent and fearless, innovative and creative. It has always had the benevolence and kindness of caring for people, pushing others and helping the world, which has been stimulated and created again in the process of fighting the epidemic. Bruce Aylward, head of the expert group of the World Health Organization, said: "This kind of pure altruism should be learned by all other countries. This is real solidarity."

This new creation is reflected in the people’s firmer understanding of the concept of a community of human destiny. Kindness and good neighborliness, and harmony among all nations are the ways of life advocated by China culture. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, China has actively fulfilled its international obligations in an open, transparent and responsible manner. It took the initiative to inform WHO and relevant countries and regional organizations about the epidemic, released information such as Covid-19 gene sequence, and announced the diagnosis and treatment plan and prevention and control plan as soon as possible. It announced the vaccine as a world public product, cooperated with many countries, international and regional organizations to prevent and control the epidemic, sent medical staff and provided international assistance, and injected a steady stream of impetus into the global epidemic prevention and control. Destiny is shared, and the road is not alone. The people of China have always believed that the only way to maintain regional and global health security is to form a community of destiny to fight against the epidemic.

An era has the spirit of an era. The new cultural creation spawned by suffering and epidemic diseases will surely nourish Chinese from generation to generation and inspire more and more Chinese children to contribute to a better tomorrow for mankind in the great journey of national rejuvenation.

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The great anti-epidemic spirit embodies the powerful motive force of strengthening the army and rejuvenating it.

People can’t stand without spirit, and countries can’t stand without spirit. The great anti-epidemic spirit was forged by our nation through struggle and sacrifice, and it is a precious spiritual wealth. In this battle against the epidemic, the people’s army kept in mind its purpose, acted on orders, bravely shouldered heavy burdens and fought hard, actively supported local epidemic prevention and control, and wrote a touching heroic song.

When he was ordered, he forgot his home. When you get cold feet, you forget your relatives. The people’s army heard the order and went to Wuhan for emergency assistance on New Year’s Eve. "There is no need to mobilize, I am ready from the day I put on my military uniform." Li Qi, director of the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University, said. Chen Jing, deputy director of the Naval Military Medical University, led nine comrades in Corey to volunteer and said, "Get ready and start at any time". Zhang Xijing, deputy director of the Anesthesiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, returned the ticket to visit her parents-in-law. He said, "There is only one thought, that is, to rush to Wuhan as soon as possible. Put into battle one second earlier, minimize one infected person and save one patient’s life. " The mission is on the shoulder, and the initial heart is eternal. Facing life and death, they walked on; Treating diseases and saving lives, they are always cautious, vividly interpreting the glorious tradition and red gene of the people’s army for the people, the army and the people.

Through life and death, across winter and spring. Although there is no fire and smoke, there is a test of life and death. The people’s army’s anti-epidemic warriors are fearless in the face of danger and fight bravely. They don’t bow their heads in the face of difficulties, and they can withstand and rush at critical moments. Receiving the most critical patients, taking over the most dangerous wards and taking over the most dangerous tasks, the people’s soldiers have done their best on the battlefield against the epidemic. In order to admit more patients, the medical team of Naval Military Medical University decided decisively to take the most dangerous work in the intensive care unit at the risk of being infected. In order to transfer materials and build hospitals, officers and men fought day and night, creating miracles beyond imagination.

"Things are sweet and bitter, and those who taste them know; There are dangers in the Tao, and those who walk know it. " Because we have experienced pain and sacrificed, and because we have always maintained lofty beliefs, heroic spirit and red cultural genes in dealing with the unpredictable situation, all the efforts made by the people’s army in fighting the epidemic have become a forging, forging a great spirit that is constantly growing. This spirit is cultivating new vitality, creating a new situation and strengthening new confidence, thus gathering into a powerful driving force for strengthening the army.

The light of the brave shines on the sword front, and the heroic army is forging ahead on the journey. The great anti-epidemic spirit is another dazzling light in the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s spiritual pedigree, another vivid teaching material to carry forward excellent culture and promote the cause of strengthening the military, which has strengthened our cultural self-confidence, which is the fundamental force for us to March forward in rain or shine.

Every step of history requires the nourishment of thought; Every journey, rain or shine, contains spiritual tempering; Every victory in the great struggle is inseparable from the support of culture. Only by standing up and standing firmly in spirit can a nation stand firm in the tide of history. Reading the cultural atmosphere of the new era of anti-epidemic spirit, looking back at the struggle process of the party and the army, there is always a belief stirring in the heart and a lofty sentiment surging in the chest. We firmly believe that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), national rejuvenation can be expected in the future, and the people’s army will be strong.

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